Agglomeration Of High-tech Industries In China And The Influencing Factors

High-tech industries are an important area of international competition.Developing high-tech industries is conducive to upgrading the industrial structure and achieving economic transformation.The development of regional agglomeration has an important influence on the improvement of the competitiveness of China's high-tech industries.However,compared with developed countries,the current level of high-tech industry concentration in China is still not high,which will be detrimental to the improvement of the competitiveness of China's high-tech industries.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the agglomeration development and influencing factors of China's high-tech industries.This paper measures and analyzes the degree of agglomeration of China's hightech industry,and conducts theoretical and empirical research on the influencing factors of China's high-tech industry agglomeration,and proposes policy recommendations for further enhancing the level of China's high-tech industry agglomeration.On the basis of combing related theories and literatures at home and abroad,this paper believes that the main factors influencing China's high-tech industry agglomeration are knowledge spillovers,human capital,labor costs,infrastructure,government policies,market size,and opening to the outside world.Knowledge spillovers are conducive to technological upgrades and human capital upgrading.They facilitate the joint R&D of enterprises and have a positive impact on agglomeration.Regions with high human capital have a large-scale,high-quality labor market that can attract companies to cluster;areas with low labor costs are good for companies.Reducing production costs can attract companies to agglomerate and distribute;good infrastructure will help enterprises reduce production costs,attract high-quality labor,and promote knowledge spillovers,and thus have a positive impact on agglomeration;governments can increase agglomeration levels through policy preferences and increased R&D investment.A larger market size in a region is conducive to lowering production costs and transportation costs,providing intermediate input products to enterprises,thereby promoting agglomeration;opening up to the outside world can promote agglomeration by expanding the market size of enterprises and promoting enterprise technology upgrading.According to the Gini coefficient and location entropy of China's high-tech industry and its subdivided industries from 1996 to 2014,China's high-tech industry as a whole is at a mid-level and high-aggregation,and it is showing a trend of rising first and then decreasing,and the computer and office equipment manufacturing industry,The trends in the electronics and communications equipment manufacturing and pharmaceutical manufacturing industries are the same as those in the overall industry.The aerospace and aerospace manufacturing industry is experiencing a wave of momentum,while the medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing industry continues to increase.Based on provincial data from 1996 to 2014,a panel data model was constructed to analyze on the degree of agglomeration of high-tech industries and their subdivided industries.It was found that human capital,market size,government policies,and opening to the outside world are positively related to the level of high-tech industrial agglomeration.The labor cost is negatively related to it.There is a positive correlation between human capital,market size,government policies,and the level of agglomeration of the openness of the electronics and communications equipment manufacturing industry.Labor costs are negatively correlated with it;human capital,labor costs,and the openness of the industry are positively correlated with the concentration of the computer industry;knowledge spillovers are negative.Human capital,market size,government policies and the level of agglomeration in the medical device and instrumentation manufacturing industries are positively correlated,and labor costs and knowledge spillovers are negatively correlated.Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of high-tech industry agglomeration,aiming at improving the level of hi-tech industrial agglomeration and optimizing the spatial layout of high-tech industries,the following policy recommendations are proposed: First,to deepen opening to the outside world;second,to further cultivate a knowledge spillover environment;and third,to increase human resources.The level of capital;Fourth,improve government policies;Fifth,strengthen infrastructure construction.