The Research Of Influences Of Information And Communication Technology On Total Factor Productivity

After 40 years of reform and opening up,China's economy has achieved rapid development.In the period of rapid development,China mainly relies on factor growth to promote economic development.However,as the supply of labor begins to decline,China's economy needs to shift from relying on factors of production to relying mainly on technological innovation.At the same time,the report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out that China needs to pay more attention to the promotion of total factor growth rate(TFP).At present,information and communication technology(ICT)industry has become one of the largest industries in the world.Promoting the continuous development of economy,especially the wide application of ICT,can reduce the cost of enterprise management,alleviate the information asymmetry and enhance the production capacity of the whole society.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the multiple impacts of ICT on total factor productivity(TFP).Firstly,the development level of ICT and TFP in China's provinces and municipalities are measured.Specifically,this paper analyses the influence mechanism of ICT on TFP from the theoretical point of view,and summarizes the research results of the index system for measuring the development level of ICT at home and abroad.On this basis,the comprehensive evaluation system of this paper is constructed,and the development level of ICT in 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2000 to 2017 is evaluated by the method of entropy.It is found that for each province and municipality,the development level of ICT is improved.The difference is mainly reflected in the access and use of information and communication technology and industrial development,and the difference of ICT infrastructure is not large.At the same time,this paper chooses the growth accounting method and DEA-Malmqusit method to calculate the TFP level of 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2000 to 2017.Based on the research content and data,the calculation results of the growth accounting method are adopted.It is found that the TFP level of each province and municipality is increasing year by year.Secondly,this paper uses common panel model,threshold panel model and spatial panel model to analyze the linear overall impact,threshold effect and spatial spillover effect of ICT on TFP,and draws the following conclusions.At first,this paper introduces factors such as urbanization,opening to the outside world,innovation in science and technology development,investment in scientific research and investment in education as control variables,and constructs a basic panel model.It is estimated that the improvement of ICT level has a significant positive impact on TFP level.That is to say,improving the level of information and communication technology of provinces and municipalities can promote the growth of TFP.Then,considering that as a general technology ICT needs labor force to promote,we add the average length of education of labor force to measure the level of labor force,and use it as a threshold variable to study the non-linear impact of ICT on TFP.AS a result,this paper constructs a two-threshold model,which divides the labor force level into three types:low level(EY<=7.3254),medium level(7.3254<EY<=8.5222)and high level(EY>8.5222).The parameter estimation results show that the coefficient of ICT increases with the increase of labor force level.That is,the higher the education years of labor force,the higher the level of labor force,and the stronger of promotion effect of the information and communication technology for total factor productivity.Moreover,Considering the spatial extermalities of ICT,this paper constructs a spatial panel model to further study the spatial spillover effects of ICT on TFP.Based on the constructed spatial weighting matrix of economic geographical distance,a more suitable spatial Durbin model of individual fixed effect is established by using LR,LM and Wald test.The results of parameter estimation show that TFP has significant positive spatial effects among provinces and cities,and the positive spillover e?,eect of ICT in other regions is also significant.Increasing urbanization,opening upP technological innovation and investment in scientific research have significant spillover effects on TFP in other regions,while increasing investment in education has no significant spillover effects on TFP in other regions.However,it is inaccurate to analyze spatial spillover effects simply by using point estimates provided by spatial regression models and make Final judgments.Therefore,this paper uses partial differential meth od to decompose the impact effects int direct and spillover effects.It is found that the improvement of information and communication technology level in a region will contribute to the improvement of TFP in the region and other regions,as well as to the enhancement of scientific research and education.Investment is conducive to the overall improvement of TFP,but for urbanization,opening up and Technological Development and innovation,because its aggregation effect is greater than the network effect,the spatial external effect is negative.In summary,the results show that ICT has a significant positive effect on TFP,and this effect will be enhanced with the improvement of labor quality.At the same;time,the po,sitive impact of ICT on TFP has a significant spatial effect,that is,improving the level of ICT in one region can promote TFP in other regions.Finally,according to the results of empirical analysis,this paper puts forward correesponding policy recommendations,including increasing investment in ICT research and development,promoting the progress of information and communication technology;continuing to improve the construction and upgrading of regional information and communication infrastructure,supporting the development of computer hardware and softwaro industries;improving the speed and quality of information transmission,reducing the communication costs.We should make better use of ICT to realize the informatization of the whole society,pay attention to the balanced,development of ICT among regions,increase investment in the central and Western regions,and strengthen regional technical cooperation.