Educational Activities Study And Case Design Of Hani Rice Terraces World Heritage Museum Based On Audience Demands

Nowadays,the research on museum is transiting from "focusing on material" to "focusing on people",and its educational function is gradually being put on the critical concern.As the cultural and educational institution,museums take the responsibility of social education,and activities in museum play great roles.Educational activities of museums in developed countries are held in many varied forms,and the cooperation between museums and schools is also in-depth.While in China,the museum educational activities are still at a developing stage as a whole,and the development in economically developed areas is relatively fast compared with backward areas.The Hani Terraced World Heritage Museum is currently under construction.This thesis takes educational activities of Hani Rice Terraces World Heritage Museum(HRTM)as the research object.Through literature review,questionnaire survey,geospatial analysis,field investigation,and interdisciplinary research to analysis the audience demands in museum educational activities and based on it to design educational activities in HRTM.The main conclusions come as follows:(1)Through the systematical arrangement of literatures on museum educational activities and the method of induction and abstraction,it is found that there are a great number of researches on audience demands,but the time situation are different,that is a large proportion during or after the exhibition while a small number on pre-exhibition.(2)Educational resources of HRTM are the four cultural landscape elements of Hani rice terraces,namely forest,villages,terraces and water.The spatial analysis of educational resources of HRTM shows a three-dimensional spatial distribution pattern that villages are concentrated along the road with attitude arranging from 1000 m to 2000 m,mostly from 1500 m to 2000 m,and the distribution has significant characteristics of spatial aggregation according to nuclear density calculation;the area of forest is 6496.84 ha,accounting for 39.13% of the total heritage area,mainly distributed at the watershed region above an altitude of 2000m;terraced fields are 4706 ha,accounting for 28.34% of the heritage,with an attitude range from 1996 m to 603 m,of which between 900~1800m accounts for upwards of 90%;the water system in the heritage area mainly flow from central high mountains to the north of the Honghe River and the south of Tengtiao River,respectively,passing through the other three elements.(3)On the analysis of museum audience,the main content category,function and service recipient of museum most preferred by audience are natural(40%),protection(60%),and tourists(73%),respectively.But there are differences between audiences in peoples,according to the statistics of 222 valid questionnaires.For the content of educational activities,Han people and minorities are more consistent towards the categories of nature and folklore.For the function,Han people and ethnic minorities believe that the crucial roles of museum are protection,exhibition,and education,followed by collection,research,and storage.And for the recipient of museum services,Han people and minorities all think that tourists should be served first,followed by Hani and other ethnic groups,and local residents.(4)Based on the characteristics of audience demands and educational resources,7 cases of public educational activities and 4 cases of museum-school cooperation educational activities were designed under the pre-consideration of actual situation.The design of public educational activities focus on the basic functions of museum,including basic exhibition activities and a series of extension activities.The cooperative educational activities between museum and school is the main form of the combination of two kinds of education,which includes educational activities in-museum,in-school,outside-school,and teacher training.