Research On Topology Control Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors as the “five features” of the sensing layer of the Internet of things(IoT).Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)formed by them as the “neural terminal” of the IoT are gradually becoming one of the research hotspots in the information field.However,the limited resources of the sensor nodes make the research and application of WSNs face great challenges.Reducing the energy consumption of the network and maximizing the network life cycle is an important direction for the research of WSNs related technologies,Topology control,as one of the core supporting technologies of WSNs,has an important influence on network performance such as the quality of coverage,communication interference and transmission delay.Moreover,it also provides the necessary foundation for studying the positioning of network targets,time synchronization of nodes and data fusion of networks.Therefore,it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to research and design a network topology control algorithm with stable performance and high efficiency.In this paper,the classical network topology control algorithm is analyzed from the two categories of power control and hierarchy.Based on the analysis and research,we select the representative LEACH algorithm in the hierarchical topology control algorithm as the research object of this subject.Aiming at the problem of unbalanced node energy consumption in LEACH,EEUC and DEEUC algorithms,an energy balance multi-hop uneven clustering algorithm EBMUC(Energy Balance Multi-hop Uneven Clustering)suitable for large-scale deployment of networks is proposed to balance energy consumption and extend network lifetime.the algorithm is improved from three aspects: selection of cluster head,construction of cluster structure,and selection of next-hop routing nodes in stable data transmission.The algorithm firstly compares the energy-distance ratio between the node and the neighboring node(the ratio of the current residual energy to the distance from the base station)to select the candidate cluster head,and then elects the final cluster head by the fitness value of the candidate cluster head;the cluster structure construction phase considering the residual energy of the cluster head and the cluster head scale;the sub-cluster head is set up to replace the main cluster head with lower energy than the threshold,and adopts the strategy of combining single-hop and two-hop,the relay node is used to select the relay node for data multi-hop transmission between the cluster heads.Finally,the simulation results in two scenarios show that the EBMUC algorithm is superior to the LEACH,EEUC and DEEUC algorithms in terms of the network residual energy,the amount of data received by the network and the number of cluster heads.Scenario 1(100m ×100m),the death time of the first node in the EBMUC algorithm was extended by approximately 30%,18%,and 10% respectively,and the amount of data received by the base station increased by about 27%,7%,and 9%,respectively;while in the scenario 2(1000m×1000m)where the deployment scope is larger,the time for the death of the first node of the EBMUC algorithm is extended by approximately 7 times,40%,and 20% respectively,and the amount of data received by the base station is increased by 4 times,56%,and 1.2 times respectively,reflecting the good energy consumption and data reception performance of the algorithm under largescale network deployment.