Study And Design Of Energy Efficient Multi-tier Clustering Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is self-organized with lots of low-cost sensors, which have the abilities of sensing, local data processing and wireless transmission. The network performance such as life time of network, the balance of load, stability and latency is highly related with network hierarchy. The design of routing technology at the network layer is important in the protocol of wireless sensor networks. For wireless sensor networks with limited energy and bandwidth, it is vital to design an energy-efficient and appropriate topology control algorithm. What we have done in this paper is as follow:Firstly, the conceptions and architecture and key technologies of WSN are introduced briefly, and some design issues and applications of WSN are covered. Then, we focus on the issue of topology control of WSN. And some classical cluster-based routing mechanisms for wireless sensor networks are analyzed. Wireless clustering algorithm contains three key procedures: cluster head selection, cluster formation and data transmission. By comparing the characteristics these literatures, their possible future improvements are pointed out.Topology control on the formation of the network topology plays a vital role. In the paper, we address the issue of how many tiers in a given clustering scheme are optimal in saving energy. We present a method to calculate the optimal tier number with consideration to the energy consumption both in data transmission and control overhead. We propose a clustering scheme with optimal tiers and energy efficiency for wireless sensor networks, which we term COTE for short. We theoretically analyze the energy consumption, computing complexity and network latency of COTE. At last, we simulate the energy-efficient multi-tier clustering algorithm by MATLAB and lucubrate the analysis of the results. It verifies that COTE exceeds other algorithm in saving the networks' energy and prolonging the network's lifetime. We can also see from the results that COTE is feasible and can come to an anticipant effect.Finally, the future research issues in this area are pointed out.