Research And Application Of Energy Consumption Equalization Routing Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks

With the continuous development of economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards,the industrial waste water and domestic sewage produced continuously increase,resulting in the continuous increase of water pollution.Water safety concerns the national economy and the people's livelihood.The management of water resources and the prevention and control of water pollution should be done well.Water quality monitoring is the first step of its work.The current water quality monitoring means have the defects of poor real time,high input and inconvenient operation,etc.With the emergence of wireless sensor network,new directions and new methods are provided for solving these problems.As a new information monitoring technology,wireless sensor networks are widely used in many fields,such as defense military,environmental monitoring,smart home,public security and so on.The limited energy storage of the current node has become the bottleneck restricting the development of wireless sensor network.Energy-efficient routing protocols which can balance the energy loss of nodes in the network,can achieve the goal of prolonging network lifetime and improving energy efficiency.Based on the above background,an improved algorithm based on LEACH routing protocol is proposed in this paper.The improved LEACH routing algorithm has made the following four improvements: 1.In each round,the cluster head node percentage p value will be changed according to the current network conditions,making it more suitable for the current network conditions;2.adding the remaining energy factor in the cluster head node selection makes the node with more residual energy more likely to be elected as the cluster head node;3.considering the distance between the node and the sink node,making the node far away from the convergence node less likely to be elected cluster head;4.The data transmission mode of cluster head node to sink node is improved,and the communication between cluster head node and sink node is realized by multi-hop between clusters.When specific routing is selected,the three factors of the energy consumption of communication between two cluster head nodes,residual energy of cluster head nodes and the distance to the base station are added.Finally,the simulation software is used to simulate the LEACH improvement algorithm and the original LEACH algorithm,according to the experimental results,the analysis shows that: LEACH improved protocol network has higher network energy utilization efficiency,better load balance,longer network life cycle and better network throughput performance.Finally,the paper is through characteristics of water quality monitoring in reservoir area and a water quality monitoring system based on wireless sensor network is designed.The system is divided into three parts:Wireless sensor network,convergence node,management center,sensor node and convergence node hardware and software structure design,as well as management center software design.Through testing,the system using LEACH improved algorithm can run stably and the network life cycle can be extended.