Investigation On Self-management Of High-grade Pupils In Primary School

“Self-management” ability plays an important role in the development of students' key competence and it is necessary to improve this ability for the enhancement of students' key competence,which reflects the basic connotation and internal requirements of key competence development.This research analyzes the influencing factors and proposes measures to improve the self-management level of these pupils for the cultivation of their self-management ability based on investigations on the present situation of high-grade pupils' self-management.The questionnaire of this research is adapted from the self-management questionnaire compiled by Zhang Guoli based on the characteristics of the physical and mental development of primary school students.It includes four major dimensions: behavior management,emotion management,cognitive management,and time management.High-grade pupils of the primary school in Shandong Province are taken as the research object.There are 829 pupils filling in the questionnaire in total and 802 are valid questionnaires.The effective rate is 96.7%.The results show that the high-grade pupils in the primary school have a high level of self-management.Dimensions rank from high to low are cognitive management,behavior management,emotional management,and time management.The following pupils have poor self-management ability: boys,pupils never serving as class leaders and being elected as outstanding students,pupils living in the countryside,average pupils,introverted pupils,and pupils who are not close to classmates and teachers.According to the results,this research analyzes the reasons of poor self-management ability for different groups of pupils.For boys,they do not have an inappropriate way to express their emotions and lack consciousness of self-discipline.Parents arrange everything;for pupils never serving as class leaders,they have poor behavior management ability and lack sense of participation,as well as organization and management capacity;for pupils never being elected as outstanding students,they have low self-efficacy and lack awareness of time management and clear self-positioning;for pupils living in the countryside,they lack of self-management atmosphere because parents are too busy to teach them and parents' educational ideas are unscientific;for average pupils,they have trouble in learning behavior and lack practice and plans for learning.According to the above reasons,the specific measures for improving the self-management level of different groups of high-grade pupils are proposed.For boys,establishing courses for emotion management;for pupils never serving as class leaders,setting up the rotation system for class leaders;for pupils never being elected as outstanding students,holding weekly “Awarding Ceremony”;for pupils living in the countryside,creating a good self-management atmosphere for them;for average pupils,teaching them to make learning plans.