The Research On The Consumption Structure Of Urban Family Under The Background Of The Two-child Policy

The 2017 Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that China's economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage,and the promotion of high-quality development is the fundamental requirement for identifying development ideas,formulating economic policies,and implementing macro-control in the present and future periods.The report of the Nineteenth Congress also pointed out that we must improve people's livelihood and grasp the most immediate and practical issues that the people are most concerned about.At present,the problem of population is undoubtedly the most realistic problem: the aging of population is more and more serious,the fertility rate of residents is decreasing,and the demographic dividend of China's economic development has subsided.As a result,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee in 2015 clearly stated that "the policy of full implementation of a couple capable of having two children" is the "comprehensive two-child" policy.Since the implementation of the policy more than two years ago,the increase in the number of family members and the changes in the population structure have caused profound changes in household consumption levels and consumption structure.This has a direct bearing on the living standards and quality of life of the residents.It is a matter of improving people's livelihood.At the same time,changes in the consumption structure are directly related to changes in the industrial structure,and a reasonable industrial layout is an important way to promote high-quality economic development.After the birth of the second child,the changes in the residents' consumption structure need to be studied.However,few scholars are involved so far.Based on this,this paper is based on the study of the current status of consumer structure research and the relationship between population and consumption structure,and through the sorting of relevant research data in Chengdu,first of all,according to the level of income levels divided the different groups;Second,using the traditional indicators such as the absolute value of consumer spending,the average propensity to consume,and the degree of change in the consumption structure to estimated the impact of second child birth on changes in urban household consumption structure.Finally,through the indicators of marginal propensity to consume and elasticity of demand income obtained from the ELES model,an empirical analysis of the changes in consumption structure after the birth of the second child.The study found that,first,income is still a key factor influencing the structure of consumer demand.Second,the birth of the second child makes the total household consumption expenditure at each income level increase significantly.Thirdly,from a structural point of view,after the birth of two children,the urban household consumption structure in Chengdu has also undergone certain changes,but the changes in household consumption structure at different income levels are not consistent.Fourth,basic social security such as medical pensions have,to a certain degree,affected the release of consumer demand and the rationality of consumption structure.Accordingly,this paper proposes the following countermeasures:(1)Raise the income level of residents and improve the income distribution system;(2)Continue to deepen structural reforms on the supply side to adapt to changes in the consumption structure;(3)Guide resident consumption at different levels to satisfy differentiation consumer demand;(4)Strengthen childbearing support to eliminate worries.