The Influence Of Universal Two-child Policy On China's Population Structure And Public Service

Since the 21 st century,China's population structure has been at a historic turning point that demographic dividend gradually disappear.Our country has to face three big problems: low fertility rate,population aging and labor shortage.Thus,it is of great significance to rethink and dissect the current population policy of our country.First,the variation trend of China's population,demographic structure and total fertility rate is analyzed in this paper.Then,this paper reviewed total fertility rate,the family planning policy and its influence,and the research results of population prediction methods both domestic and overseas.Based on the data of the sixth nationwide census in 2010 and no policy was used as a reference,situational approach was utilized to predict China's population changes after two-child policy was put into effect.According to the prediction results,this paper analyzed the total population,laboring population,age structure,dependency and other aspects.Besides,the influence of two-child policy on the basic public service is explored through the review of current situation of our basic public service.It was found that single two-child policy cannot fundamentally solve the problem of our labor force supply,aging and reduction of residents' fertility intentions.The various measures should be taken to solve the problems which brought by the changes of demographic structure.At the same time,relevant departments should prepare and arrange the related resources of basic public service in advance according to the prediction of future population so that better public service can be provided to our citizens.Last,this paper lists some policy suggestions from three aspects: public service,pension level and fertility policy.