Research On Legalization Of Rural Social Governance In Contemporary China

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,although the fundamentals of China’s long-term economic development have not changed,the big problems such as the polarization of the rich and the poor and the lack of social security have not yet been resolved,and new spiritual needs continue to burst out.The law has the functions of restricting the individual behaviors of social members,regulating social relations and maintaining social order.The rule of law has the value orientation of pursuing order,fairness and justice.Therefore,the value pursuit of law has a natural fit with the current needs of social governance.Under this background,the call for changing traditional social management methods and optimizing social governance by law is increasingly strong,and legalization of social governance has also been put on the agenda as an important part of the modernization of national governance capabilities.China is a large agricultural country,and the stability of the countryside and the improvement of rural social governance is also very important for the improvement of the overall social governance.Therefore,the legalization of rural social governance is crucial in the process of modernization of national governance capabilities.With the development of economy,the level of legalization of rural governance has also improved,however,under the background of increased rural population mobility and the continuous adjustment of the traditional agricultural social structure,the problems,such as demolition and land in rural society have become more and more serious.That means there is still a large gap between the current level of legalization of rural social governance and the requirements of modernization of national governance.These gaps are mainly reflected in the lagging legislation and insufficient level of legislation,violent law enforcement,the high judicial cost and the little effect of popularizing laws.By studying the successful experience in developed countries,such as Japan and South Korea,we can explore the path for the improvement of legalization of rural social governance in China.In addition,a few villages and towns in Guangdong Province,Zhejiang Province,and Jiangsu Province,have explored the basic experiences of legalization of rural social governance.For example,in Fengqiao Town,Zhuji City,Zhejiang Province,villagers’ behaviors have been regulated by formulating detailed and rich village regulations,which fills in some gaps in the current domestic legislation on villagers’ autonomy,and forms an effective mode of autonomy.Moreover,the villagers also promote the mediation system of "local resolution of contradictions" mechanism,which has formed a beneficial supplement to the judicial link of rural social governance.The Tongdewei District of Guangzhou City has established the Public Consultative Committee to gather public opinions.The Public Consultative Committee grafts the channels for public opinion reflection,effectively and publicly passes the decision-making process and results,and increases the transparency of law enforcement.In addition,Haizhou District of Lianyungang City,followed the modern enterprise management system,launches the famous"Three-Community Village Governance" model.That means,the district government establishes a three-community governance model,including village councils,village committees,and supervisory committees,to make decisions on village committee affairs.It is also a useful exploration of legalization of rural social governance that the decision-making authority is vested in the village councils,the executive power is vested in the village committee,and the supervisory power is vested in the supervisory committee.According to this,in order to further promote the legalization of rural social governance,we must adhere to the leadership of the party,based on the basic condition of rural areas,combine the successful experiences of rural social governance at home and abroad,build a new mode of multiple subjects participating rural social governance through perfect legislation,create the governance structure of"co-building,sharing,and co-governance" through strict law enforcement,and establish farmers’ judicial beliefs gradually by improving the judicial system,and promotes judicial justice.