Study On The Academy Construction Of Merchants In Qing Dynasty

The Qing Dynasty was a period of great development of the Academy.Since the establishment of the provincial capital Academy in the Yongzheng period,the forces from all walks of life poured in and actively established the Academy.It is at this time that the power of merchants is strongly entering the construction of the Academy.In the Qing Dynasty,merchants hoped to set up a Academy and participate in the imperial examinations to break through the limitations of their own identity and achieve social class improvement.The form in which a businessman creates a Academy includes three main forms: merchants and official cooperation,merchants' cooperation,and merchants' independent investment.The businessmen who cooperated with the government to create academies are mostly salt merchants and salt transporters.This kind of cooperation is dominated by the government and has a strong official color.Its official identity has limited the academic development of the Academy to a certain extent,but it is also the official nature of the college,which makes the Academy a long-term survival and development.Most of the businessmen who co-founded the colleges were run by business people.The Academy co-founded by the merchants is related to the business operations of the merchants in terms of business philosophy.The management is strict and the funds are abundant.In addition,the merchants co-founded the Academy with a strong regional color.The merchant personally contributes to the creation of the Academy by a separate merchant.Most of its management in the Academy is carried out by clan.It is determined by Shan Chang in teaching and academic development.It has high academic freedom and great teaching flexibility.All in all,the colleges founded by merchants mostly adopt the system of responsibility for the mountain,and the teaching of the affairs is carried out by the head of the mountain,and the personnel related to the merchants are responsible for the coordination of daily affairs.After the establishment of the college,most of the businessmen have a board of directors.The board of directors fully participates in the future development direction of the Academy and the direction of the students' training.This enables the late Qing Dynasty Merchants Academy to play a role in social change and grasp the opportunities for development in the process of change.