The Comparative Study Of Adverb "Dou" And "Quan" With "All" From The Perspective Of Chinese As A Foreign Language

This thesis makes a comparative research of the semantics,grammar and pragmatics of the three words "Dou" and "Quan" and "All".It takes the foreign students of Nanchang University as the object of investigation and research,designing the questionnaire pertinently,and makes a detailed analysis and demonstration on the errors of foreign students in the process of Chinese acquisition.The research shows that there are similarities and differences in semantics,grammar and pragmatics among the "Dou","Quan","all".The adverb "Dou" not only means "all in all",but also means "even" and "already".It can also "express the tone of emphasis" and can be used with "yes" to explain the reasons.In addition,"Dou" can also express "allocation";but "generality" is the core semantics of "Dou".The adverb "Quan" can mean "generalizing the whole scope".It can also express the depth and mean "completely".Also the adverb "Quan" has the meaning of "even" and "generality" is the core meaning of it as well.When "All" is used as an adverb,it means "all",it can means "completely" and also can mean "very,extremely ","too,too much","each side,each".When the English word "All" is used as an adverb,its semantic features are the same as those of the adverbs "Dou" and "Quan".Generality is its greatest feature.The adverbs "Quan" and "All" have similarities and differences in the grammatical functions.The main common feature of these two words is that they can modify verbs and adjectives when they are used as adverbs.But "All" can be used not only as adverbs,but also as adjectives and pronouns,which makes the grammatical functions of "All" different correspondingly,while the adverb "Quan" in Chinese does not have these grammatical functions.As far as pragmatics is concerned,the three words "Dou","Quan","all" all have phenomenon of forward and backward in the directional meaning,but in specific contexts,special attention should be paid to the differences between them.The main reason why the Chinese word "Dou" and the English word "All" cannot be translated literally is that "All" has more parts of speech than "Dou".The English word “All” has different meanings in different contexts.The results of the questionnaire show that compared with other universities,the foreign students in Nanchang University are not good command of using the adverbs "Dou" and "Quan".Generally speaking,the error rate is higher,but the phenomenon of errors decreases gradually with the improvement of the learning stage of foreign students,which shows that there are fewer and fewer errors from the primary class to the intermediate class and then to the advanced class.This clearly shows that thedegree of foreign students' mastery of the target language is a gradual deepening process.Specifically,the overall error rate of foreign students on adverbs "Dou" and "Quan" is close;but the number of misuses of adverbs "Quan" by senior students is not only higher than that of intermediate students,but also higher than that of junior students.This phenomenon shows that with the enrichment of Chinese knowledge of foreign students,their acquisition of the target language is more vulnerable to the negative transfer of their mother tongue,and there are repeated phenomena.In view of the situation of foreign students' learning of the target language,the author believes that we can start from two aspects: teachers' teaching and students' learning,in order to improve the effect of foreign students' Chinese acquisition.Teachers can improve their teaching level and teaching strategies.Foreign students should overcome their inferiority complex and actively integrate into the target language environment.They should learn effectively by speaking and listening more,so as to minimize the negative transfer of their mother tongue.Only by paying attention to both students' learning and teachers' teaching,can we better promote foreign students' learning of the target language.