Study On Some Problems Of Garrison Of Eight Bannerin Suiyuan City In Qing Dynasty

Suiyuan City was a new city established in Hohhot,Mongol(Ming translation of "Naturalized City")during Qing Dynasty,Qianlong period,for the need of Qing Dynasty War – Qinghuai War.It was named after the "General of Suiyuan City".The predecessor of the General of Suiyuan City was General Jianwei,which was established in Kangxi 31 st year(1692)in Shanxi right-back.Kangxi 32 nd year(1693)General Anbei was set up and stationed in the Naturalized City.Later,due to the war,the imperial court sent troops to temporarily garrison in Naturalized City to maintain the stability of the northern border area.In order to further control the Mongol region and the overall situation of Qinghuai War,Suiyuan City began to be built during the early years of Qianlong period.It was five miles northeast of Naturalized City.Accordingly,the name of Genera Jianwei has been changed as "General of Suiyuan City" as the garrison being moved to the Suiyuan City.By then,a garrison stronghold directly under the control of Qing Dynasty Suiyuan City General has been formed.With the establishment of eight banners’ garrison in Suiyuan City,the forces of Suiyuan City General continued to expand and gradually infiltrated into the traditional forces of Tumet two Banner in Naturalized City.At the same time,the power of the General stationed in Suiyuan City grew as well.By the late Qing Dynasty,General of Suiyuan City not only had the management power of the two banners of the Naturalized City,but also controlled the Ulaanchabu and Ikezhao League and the border hall,growing from the initial garrison general to the administrative and military chief of the area.Based on the analysis of historical data and previous studies,this paper tries to put forward its own opinions on the related issues of Suiyuan City’s Eight-banner Pastoral Factory,official schools and Defence Shift,so as to enrich and refine the relevant research contents.This article is composed of preface,text and conclusion.The front part mainly introduces the topic selection,the domestic and foreign research status,the application of historical materials,research methods and etc..The text is divided into four parts: the first part is the establishment background of the eight banners stationed in Suiyuan City and the origin of the troops of the eight banners.The second part expounds the establishment and decadence of the Eight-banner pastoral factory in Suiyuan including the process of the establishment,the scope of the pastoral factory,the management and function of the pastoral factory,and the process of land of the pastoral factory,evolving from private reclamation to official reclamation to decadence.The third part mainly discusses the establishment and types of official schools of eight banners in Suiyuan City,Manchu-Mongolian official schools,Manchu-Han official schools,the issue of expansion and reduction of official studies,and so on.The fourth part states the shift system of the eight banners in Suiyuan City from the shifting background,sites,number of soldier,time limit,expenditure and so on.