The Effect Of Social Support On The Depressive Symptoms And Anxiety Symptoms Among Shidu Population

Objective: Losing the only child is the most traumatic event for parents.This study aims to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms among shidu people,analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms,explore the relationship between social support,positive psychology,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms,and explore the mediating role of positive psychology,and propose a theoretical model to provide theoretical support for the next step of psychological health intervention for shidu people.Methods: In this study,a multi-stage sampling method was adopted.Firstly,75 communities were randomly selected in five urban districts(15 communities were selected from each district)of a city in the north of China,then randomly selected one parent who met the inclusion criteria from each of the shidu families in the 75 communities as the sample.A questionnaire survey was conducted on shidu people.The questionnaire comprising the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety,Scale the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire,Revised Life Orientation Test,Herth Hope Index,the Chinese version of the Resilience Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale,as well as demographic factors and bereaved related information,was distributed to 595 shidu parents.A total of 494 effective respondents became our final study subjects.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The statistical processing used in this study includes descriptive analysis,t-test,variance analysis,correlation analysis,hierarchical regression analysis,and PROCESS v3.0 was applied to verify the mediation model.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 80.2%,anxiety symptoms was 55.7% in shidu population;chronic disease,family income,debt,economic support,marital satisfaction,social discrimination,contact avoidance are common influencing factors of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms,religious belief and time since the child's death are the influence factors of anxiety symptoms.Social support has a negative predictive effect on depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Optimism,hope,resilience and self-efficacy had negative predictive effects on depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Social support is a positive predictor of optimism,hope,resilience and self-efficacy.Optimism,hope,resilience and self-efficacy play a part of mediating role in the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms.Optimism,resilience and self-efficacy play a part of mediating role in the relationship between social support and anxiety symptoms,and hope play a complete mediating role in the relationship between social support and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms are prominent psychological disorders in shidu population.In this study,the influence factors of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms has little difference.Social support and positive psychology has positive role on depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms,positive psychology plays an mediating role in the relation between social support and depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms.Interventions focusing on both social support and positive psychology might be more useful than interventions only targeting either of them.