| ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of emotional labor,psychological detachment and work outcome(work engagement and job burnout)in emergency nurses,explore the mechanism of emotional labor,psychological detachment of emergency nurses on their work outcome(work engagement and job burnout).To provide evidences for improve the level of nurses' work engagement and work enthusiasm,reducing their level of job burnout,improving their physical and mental health.MethodsFrom January to March 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 284 emergency nurses in 20 public hospitals in Anhui Province.General information questionnaires,Emotional Labour Question-naire,Psychological Detachment Scale,Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey were used as research tools.Using Epi Data 3.0 software to establish the database,SPSS 23.0 statistical software for descriptive statistical analysis,t test,analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis.Amos 23.0 statistical software to construct the structural equation model.Results1.The total emotional labor score of emergency nurses was(53.05±11.03)points,the average item score was(3.79±0.79)points.The three-dimensional average scores were arranged in descending order,deep acting was(4.75 ± 0.98)points,requirement to express emotions were(3.58 ± 1.18)points,surface acting was(3.50 ± 1.00)points.6 The total psychological detachment score of emergency nurses was(7.98 ± 3.19)points,and the average item score was(1.99 ± 0.80)points.The total score of work engagement for emergency nurses was(62.62 ± 19.30)points,the average item score was(4.17 ± 1.29)points.The average scores for the three dimensions were dedication(4.50 ± 1.43)points,vitality(4.15 ± 1.38)points,and concentration(3.94 ± 1.34)points.The job burnout scores of the emergency nurses were(33.54 ± 10.88)points for emotional exhaustion,(13.18 ± 6.03)points for depersonalization,and(38.92 ± 8.96)points for personal accomplishment.2.The scores of emotional labor and its dimension in emergency nurses had statistically significant differences in age,personality type,personnel relationship,working years,job titles,and night shifts(P<0.05).The scores of psychological detachment had statistically significant differences in hospital grades,positions,hobbies,sports(P<0.05).The scores of work engagement and its dimensions had statistically significant differences in personality types,personnel relationships,positions,night shifts,and sports(P<0.05).The scores of job burnout had statistically significant differences in personality types,personnel relationship,title,position,and sports(P<0.05).3.Surface acting was significantly positively correlated with psychological detachment and job burnout(emotional exhaustion and depersonalization)(P<0.001);deep acting was significantly positively correlated with psychological detachment and work engagement(P<0.001);deep acting was significantly negatively correlated with job burnout(emotional exhaustion and depersonalization)(P < 0.05);emotional expression requirements was significantly positively correlated to psychological detachment,work engagement,and job burnout(emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal accomplishment)(P<0.001);emotional labor,psychological detachment and work engagement were significantly positively correlated(P<0.001);emotional labor was positively correlated to job burnout(P<0.001),psychological detachment had no correlation with job burnout(P>0.05).4.The emotional labor of emergency nurses had a direct predictive effect on job burnout: surface acting and deep acting can predict 10.5% of the total variation of emotional exhaustion;surface acting and deep acting can predict 19.8% of the total variation of depersonalization;deep acting can predict 12.9% of the total variation of personal accomplishment.5.The emotional labor and psychological detachment of emergency nurses had a direct predictive effect on their work engagement: deep acting and psychological detachment jointly predict 19.1% of the total variation of work engagement.6.Psychological detachment played intermediary role between emotional labor and work engagement of emergency nurses,and the structural equation model fitted well.Conclusion1.In this research,the emergency nurses had a moderate level of emotional labor,a low level of psychological detachment,a moderate and severe level of job burnout,and a moderate level of work engagement.2.Among the general data variables,the nurses' personality,personnel relationship,position,presence or absence of night shifts,frequency of participation in sports,etc.,had certain effects on the emotional labor,psychological detachment,work engagement and job burnout of the emergency nurses.3.The emotional labor of emergency nurses was significantly correlated with job burnout,which had a direct predictive effect on their job burnout.4.The emotional labor,psychological detachment and work engagement of emergency nurses had respectively significant positive correlations.The emotional labor and psychological detachment of emergency nurses had a direct predictive effect on their work engagement,5.Emotional labor of emergency nurses used psychological detachment as an intermediary variable,which indirectly affected the work engagement.This suggests that raising the level of psychological detachment of emergency nurses and optimizing their emotional labor strategy choices can promote their work engagement levels. |
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