Effects Of Self-efficacy And Social Support On Work Engagement Of Nurses

Objective: The objective of this study are to analyze the status and influencing factors of nurses' work engagement,and to explore the relationship between work engagement,self-efficacy and social support,as well as the mediating effect of self-efficacy between social support and work engagement.To provide reference for improving the level of nurses' work engagement and promoting the continuous growth and development of nursing team.Methods: Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method,1225 nurses from 12 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Nanchong were investigated by questionnaire including the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.EXCEL 2013 was used for data double entry and SPSS17.0 for data analyze.Statistical methods mainly included descriptive statistics analysis,one-way ANOVA,independent-Sample T Test,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear stepwise regression analysis and mediation effect test.Results:1 The status of self-efficacy and social support among nursesThe score of self-efficacy was 25.29±5.44,lower than the norm value.The total score of social support was 39.65±7.47,which was in the middle level,including objective support 9.50±3.15,subjective support 22.16±4.75 and support availability 7.98±1.68.2 The status of work engagement among nursesThe total score of work engagement was 60.41±11.51,and the average score of items was 3.55±0.68,which was in the middle level.The average scores of the three dimensions from low to high were vigor 3.40±0.74,dedication 3.63±0.78 and absorption 3.64±0.72.3 The single factor analysis of work engagementThe grade of hospital,age,practicing year,professional title,technical post,weekly night shift frequencies,weekly working hours,marital status,number of children,monthly wage,promotion opportunity,work atmosphere,self-assessment nurse-patient relationship could significantly affect the work engagement of nurse(P<0.05).4 The relationship between work engagement,self-efficacy and social supportNurse's work engagement was positively correlated with self-efficacy and social support,r=0.493 vs r=0.405,P<0.01.There was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and social support,r=0.295,P<0.01.5 The multivariate regression analysis of work engagementAccording to the influence degree of each factor on nurses' work engagement,the variables entering in turn the regression equation were self-efficacy,social support,self-assessment nurse-patient relationship,self-assessment work atmosphere,hospital level,technical post and promotion opportunity,which could explain 37.2% of the total variation.6 The mediating role of self-efficacy in social support and work engagementSelf-efficacy plays a significant mediating role between social support and work engagement of nurses.The mediating effect accounts for 29.80% of the total effect.Conclusions:1 The Self-efficacy and social support of nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Nanchong was at the middle level,which also should be promoted and strengthened.2 The work engagement of nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Nanchong was at the middle level,with the highest score in absorption and the lowest score in vigor,which needs to be further improved.3 There was a positive correlation between work engagement,self-efficacy and social support among nurses.Certainly,the self-efficacy and social support could positively predict work engagement.4 Self-efficacy,social support,self-assessment nurse-patient relationship,self-assessment department atmosphere,different hospital levels,positions,promotion opportunities are the main influencing factors of nursing staff engagement.5 Social support of nurses could directly affect the work engagement,but also indirectly affect engagement through the intermediary effect of self-efficacy.Self-efficacy plays a mediating role between social support and degree of work engagement of nurses.