Epidemiological Analysis Of Acute Poisoning Patients In A Tertiary Hospital In Zunyi For Recent Five Years

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the acute poisoning in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital in Zunyi City for recent five years,and provide reference for the prevention and management of the acute poisoning in this region.Methods: To retrospective analyze of acute poisoning patients admitted in the Emergency Department of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from January1 st,2013 to December 31,2017.The epidemiological characteristics of poisoning patients' general information,the treatment time,the types of poisons,the invasion route,the onset seasons,the poisoning reasons,the damage extent of organ function,and the outcomes were recorded and analyzed.Results: During the period,3717 cases acute poisoning patients were included in this study,the number of patients in 2013 is 785(2.51%),771(2.21%)in 2014,766(2.05%)in2015,743(1.71%)in 2016 and 652(1.32%)in 2017.There were 1819 males(48.94%)and1898 females(51.06%)included in this study,whose ages ranged from 11 and 93 years old,and the ratio of male to female was 1:1.04.The largest proportion of poisoning cases between 20 to 29 years old(848 cases,22.81%),the most common poisoning pathway was oral intake(3076 cases,82.75%).The most common reason of poisoning was oral pesticide suicide(1330 cases,35.80%),and the second was foodborne substance poisoning which have 1191 cases(32.04%),in which alcohol and wild mushroom poisoning were more common,accounting for 41.56%,36.52% respectively.Monthy distribution of wild mushroom poisoning had a perk in July to October.Pesticide is the most common types of poisonous(38.50%),in which paraquat was the most commonly poisoning exposure type(415 cases,29%).Among all patients with acute poisoning,61.10% of them were admitted in the hospital within 6h after poisoning,13.73% of them were hospitalized for 6 to 24 h after poisoning,and 25.17% of them were treated after 24 h poisoning,there was a statistically significant difference in the prognosis of patients treated within 6 hours after treatment and 6 hours later.A total of 1008 patients(27.12%)had one or more organ dysfunction,there was a statistically significant difference in the outcome of a organ damage with multiple organs at the same time.All the poisoning patients,3227 cases(86.82%)were cured,305 cases(8.21%)were given up treatment by themselves,67 cases(1.80%)died in hospital,and 118 cases(3.17%)patients' outcomes were unknown.Conclusion: In the past five years,the number of acute poisoning patients has shown a decreasing trend as a whole.The majority of acute poisoning patients are young women.The main pathway is oral pesticide poisoning.Wild mushroom poisoning have obvious seasonal characteristics,mostly occurred in Summer and Autumn,which is often group incidence.Paraquat poisoning is the most common herbicide poisoning,which often causes multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.The more the number of organ damage,the worse the prognosis.The earlier the treatment time after poisoning,the better the prognosis.Different poisoning substances lead to different prognosis.