| Objective By analyzing the clinical data of 1801 cases of acute poisoning patients,the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in inpatients at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were studied.The demographic characteristics were observed,and the risk factors related to the survival prognosis of patients with acute pesticide poisoning were explored,consequently,providing scientific basis and corresponding strategies for prevention and treatment after poisoning for acute poisoning and diagnosis.Methods Retrospective analysis.We collected hospitalized cases of acute poisoning in the emergency department of our hospital between December 2011 and November 2016,and recorded and analyzed the incidence,diagnosis and treatment of poisoned patients.Observed indicators include the number of people infected,marital status,occupation,geographical distribution,age range,gender,education level,major diagnoses,types of poisons,seasonal distribution,poisoning sites,causes of poisoning,access to toxins,treatment methods,length of stay,and outcome of disease.Univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors that influence the prognosis of patients with acute poisoning.SPSS20.0 statistical analysis software was applied.Results(1)In strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria,this survey included a total of 1801 cases of acute poisoning patients,and the number of acute poisoning patients in the last five years showed an overall upward trend.(2)Demographic Analysis of 1801 Patients with acute poisoning: which respectively are mainly the married,respectively married 1485(82.45%);mainly farmers,freelance and workers,respectively farmers 1132(62.85%),freelance243(13.49%),workers 212(11.77%);the origin of the distribution is mainly,Ningxia 1377(76.46%),Shaanxi 147(8.16%),Inner Mongolia 113(6.27%),Gansu74(5.00%).(3)1801 cases of acute poisoning patients,cases of 1216(67.52%)mainly are those with primary education level and below.(4)1801 cases of acute poisoning,the cases of 1571(87.23%)were found in homes where poisoning occurred.(5)1801 patients with acute poisoning,the diagnosis of cases of 1127(62.58%)mainly relied on the clinical manifestations of patients combined with laboratory tests to diagnose.(6)1801 cases of acute poisoning,the type of poisoning is mainly classified as gas poisoning 729(40.48%)and non-gas poisoning 1072(59.52%).Among them,the top ten types of poisons are: cases of632(35.09%)suffered from carbon monoxide poisoning,cases of 263(14.6%)suffered organophosphorus poisoning,cases of 134(7.44%)poisoned by rodent poisoning,cases of 130(7.22%)were poisoned by sedative and hypnotic drugs,cases of 101(5.61%)were poisoned by mixed drugs,cases of 72(4.01%)had paraquat poisoning,cases of 65(3.61%)had analgesic poisoning,cases of 63(3.50%)had other herbicide poisoning,cases of 52(2.89%)had pesticide poisoning,and cases of 41(2.28%)had antidepressant poisoning.(7)1801 cases of acute poisoning,cases of 1134(62.97%)mainly adults with 44 years old and below.(8)1801 cases of acute poisoning,cases of 971(53.91%)are femal,cases of 830(46.09%)are male,the ratio of female to male is 1/0.85;among patients with gas poisoning,the number of male patients(395)is more than female(334);among non-patients with gas poisoning,the number of female patients(637)is more than male(435).(9)The seasonal distribution for 1801 cases of acute poisoning are as follws: carbon monoxide poisoning and alcoholism mainly occur during the spring and winter season,the cases respectively were 554(87.66%),24(87.66%);sedative hypnotics,organophosphorus and mixed drug poisoning mainly occur during summer and autumn,the cases respectively were 93(70.45%),185(70.34%),74(73.27%).(10)1801 cases of acute poisoning,53.30% mainly because of accidental exposure to poisoning,43.20% because of suicide due to bad mood;accidental poisoning is mainly caused by gas poisoning,and the poisoning caused by suicide is mainly pesticide poisoning.(11)Poison intake pathways for1801 cases of acute poisoning are mainly digestive(56.19%)and respiratory tracts(40.48%).(12)Treatment measures for 1801 cases of acute poisoning are as follows: hyperbaric oxygen is mostly used in gas poisoning(93.96%),gastric lavage is mostly used in non-gas poisoning(79.66%),in addition,gastric lavage combined with antidotes is usually used for the diagnosis of definite poisoning,blood purification is usually used for the treatment of drug poisoning,pesticide poisoning,alcoholism,alkaloids,paraquat poisoning 622(58.02%).(13)The outcome for 1801 cases of acute poisoning are as follows: 1634(90.73%)people get rehabilitation,and cases of 167(9.27%)died.(14)Average hospitalization time for 1801 cases of acute poisoning is 9.81 days,for gas poisoning was 16.17 days,pesticide poisoning was 6.61 days,and drug poisoning was 6.49 days.(15)Logistic regression analysis showed that the longer average hospitalization time,gastric lavage treatment are favorable factors for the survival prognosis of patients with acute poisoning;the delayed treatment and high APACHEⅡ score are unfavorable factors for the prognosis of acute poisoning patients.Concluion In our hospital,the number of people attending acute poisonings generally showed an upward trend.Patients were mostly married,farmers with low educational levels.Patients with acute poisoning were mostly young adults,more women than men.The poison type was mainly carbon monoxide,followed by organophosphorus pesticides.Gas poisoning was mainly dominated by the spring and winter seasons,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy was the mainstay.The length of hospital stay was longer.Acute pesticide poisoning had the highest mortality and mortality in various toxic types.The favorable factors for the survival and prognosis of acute pesticide poisoning were prolonged hospitalization and gastric lavage;the adverse factors were late treatment after poisoning and high APACHE Ⅱ score. |
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