Performance Analysis And Evaluation Of Collective Forestry Property Right System Reform In Baisha Li Autonomous County,Hainan Province

This paper takes the reform of the collective forest rights system in the south of the country as the main line from 2003 and the two periods of March 2007 and December 2017 as the nodes.It is based on the historical changes in the reform of collective forest rights system in the south of the country(hereinafter referred to as forest reform),the actual progress of Hainan provincial forestry reform,under the basic conditions of natural conditions,social conditions,economic conditions,and forestry resources of Baisha Li Autonomous County of Hainan Province(hereinafter referred to as Baisha County).In January 2018,12 villages are selected as case villages,such as Jinyang village,Chang Tang Village,Bajiao village in Seven Square town;Lashi village,Yuhua village and Yajia village in Jin Bo's Village;the village of Yayao,Dibao Village and Zhi ran village in the town of Daan,and Bai Zhun village,Hongling village and Dadui village in Fulong Township,questionnaire surveys and field trips were conducted.Based on the case survey questionnaires and data from actual investigations,the research mainly focused on:the history and effectiveness of forestry reform in Baisha County;Dynamic changes in economic performance,social performance,and ecological performance of Baisha County before and after the reform;major problems in the forest restoration work in Baisha County,as well as solutions and suggestions to the problems.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)Significant results have been achieved in the forestry reform in Baisha County.At the same time,local farmers engaged in forestry are generally older and have lower academic qualifications,and have low afforestation techniques;Local forest form is single,and the government is insufficient to invest in funds and have difficulties in financing forestry.As a result,the compensation mechanism of ecological forest is not sound,and it failed to solve historical legacy issues effectively.(2)In terms of economic performance,after the reform of collective forest tenure system,the living standard of the local farmer households increased significantly.The annual average family income increased by 44%year-on-year,and the average annual income of migrant workers also increased by 77.48%.But the forestry average annual income of the households decreased by 16%.The family's income center was biased towards the employment of the rural workers,and the family's income source also changed from rubber to woods and rubber by 47%after the forest reform.(3)In terms of ecological performance,after the implementation of the reform of collective forest rights system,the forest area developed from 154,800 hm2 in 2007 to 176,100 hm2 in 2017,forest storage increased from 10,455,600cm3 to 13,962,800cm3 and the forest coverage rate increased from73.10%in 2007 to 83.17%in 2017.The area of forest land was also raised from 18 60 hm2 to 18 80hm2,and the area of afforestation increased from 75,400 hm2 in 2007 to 98 200 hm2 in 2017,the area of returning farmland to forests totaled 8 833.33hm2.It is observed that remarkable achievements have been made in the construction of ecological environment.(4)In terms of social performance,forest farmers are highly satisfied with the work of the local government.There are few disputes about forest rights:75%of the forest farmers are very satisfied with the policies.Only 4%of forest farmers have disputes,but 59%of forest farmers have The forest tenure reform policy does not understand.Have no positive attitude towards the forest tenure circulation,and high enthusiasm of afforestation.(5)The government should increase forestry investment,strengthen basic job training,and form a comprehensive forestry service system.At the same time,it should attract investment,combines the unique forest resources advantages of Baisha County,encourages a variety of forestry development models,changes the single forest phase,and combines tourism with the development of characteristic forestry.It is wise to pay attention to local education,attract talents,increase technical training for local forest farmers,change the concept of backward management of forest farmers,and encourage young people to join.In addition,it is necessary to combine the related disciplines of the reform of collective forest rights system with other disciplines to carry out cross-cutting,integration,and in-depth research to explore new ways of forestry.