Analysis Of Topological Structure Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Implicit Energy Trade Network From The Perspective Of Global Value Chain

Since the 1980s,the characteristics of international trade have gradually changed from a final product trade to intermediate product trade,and energy-importing countries may participate in international trade with energy embodied in intermediate product,which creates a spatial separation between energy-importing countries and energy-demanding countries.Therefore,traditional energy trade under traditional bilateral trade can no longer reflect the issue of energy trade under the middleware trade model at present.Based on it,the thesis firstly expands the forward value-added export accounting method,which is proposed by Wang et al（2013）^[8]from the perspective of global value chain,to re-measure the embodied energy trade data from the perspective of global value chain,then build the embodied energy trade network from the perspective of global value chain,and finally analyze the topological structure,evolution and driving factors of different energy trade networks by means of complex network analysis.It clearly clarifies the complex hiddenness of the intermediate product trade mode,which has important theoretical and practical significance.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）China and the world’s major developed countries have obvious differences in the out-strength and in-strength under different energy trade networks.China plays the role of a net supplier of energy,while the developed countries,led by the United States,play the role of the net energy-absorbing country;（2）the formation of a“core-edge”structure centered on the United States and Germany in the traditional energy trade network,and the two countries have strong control over energy.However,in the indirect embodied energy trade network,Germany’s core position during the inspection period was gradually replaced by Turkey,and China was always on the edge of different energy networks,belonging to the Asia-Pacific group with the United States as the core,and providing a large number of embodied energy supply;（3）Traditional trade powers,such as the United States and Germany,have higher betweenness centrality in the three types of networks.Interestingly,Bulgaria and Poland’s betweenness centrality become larger after the financial crisis in the indirect embodied energy trade network,;（4）compared with the traditional energy trade network,the indirect embodied energy trade networks have higher reciprocity and lower heterogamety;（5）The correlation coefficient among economic scale network,spatial linkage network and different types of energy trade networks are positive,but the economic scale and spatial linkage respectively have large impact on indirect embodied energy networks and traditional energy network.The correlation coefficient between the trade agreement network and various energy trade networks during the inspection period was positive,but after 2000,the correlation between trade agreements and the three networks was weakened.In addition,the international division of labor differential network has no significant impact on the traditional energy trade network,but the impact on the indirect embodied energy trade network is negative.Finally,the thesis draws relevant policy implications under the analysis results.