Building Evacuation Simulation And Strategy Research Based On BuildingEXODUS

The issue of safe evacuation has always been a hot topic today.In assembly occupancies with serried seats distribution,such as theaters and theaters,the evacuation bottleneck is not only limited to the exit but also in the narrow passages formed by a large number of seats.These narrow passages are also an important factor that why people cannot evacuate quickly.Therefore,this paper will study the effect of seat jumping behavior during evacuation and consider the effect of changing the width of each passage between seat area during evacuation in the case of constant width of evacuation passages.Studies have shown that when the number reaches 20%-60% of the capacity,seat jumping situation during evacuation can improve evacuation efficiency,while the number exceeds 60% or less than 20% of the capacity,the total evacuation time will not change significantly.When the total width of the passage is constant,changing the width of each passage may cause the exit to reach the congestion state in advance,and will also have a certain impact on the seat jumping situation during evacuation.For high-rise and ultra-high-rise building fires,relying on stairs individually cannot safely and quickly evacuate crowds in the early stages of a fire,so other evacuation approaches must be introduced to meet the requirements for safe evacuation.The introduction of elevators to realize the coupled evacuation of staircases and elevators will become a new trend of vertical evacuation of high-rise buildings in the future.This paper uses Building EXODUS to perform simulations using the four modes which include stair mode,Shuttle Floor mode and Sky Lobby mode from three aspects of different building strata,population densities and different types of people,as well as draw an optimal evacuation strategy for each situation.The results show that in any number of high-rise buildings always exist one or several optimal separation floors,which make the stair elevator coupling evacuation the most efficient.The evacuation time is linear with the building height in the application of mode 4.With the increasing of layers number,the evacuation time of mode 4 is close to one-half of the stairs.The density of occupants is independent of the optimal separation floor.When the average occupants' evacuation capacity is high,the optimal separation floor will move up,vice versa.