Study On Evacuation Characteristics Of Subway Station

With the acceleration of urbanization,the number of urban population is rising rapidly.Subway engineering is one of the important means to solve the urban congestion.Rail transit construction plays an important role in expanding the effective supply of traffic,easing urban traffic congestion and improving living environment.However,with the development of urban subway,serious casualties and property damages are often caused by the occurrence of malignant accidents in subway stations.Therefore,in order to avoid crowd accumulation during the accident and improve the evacuation efficiency of passengers,this paper studies the main influencing factors of passenger evacuation efficiency and provides basic parameters for the organization and management of personnel evacuation.In this paper,the characteristics of personnel evacuation in Wangfuzhuang station in Jinan were studied by numerical simulation,and improvement measures were proposed,including:First of all,as Wangfuzhuang station has not been put into operation,the Wusi Square station in Qingdao is selected as a data collection station considering the geographical location,surrounding environment and personnel composition.The flow and distribution of personnel in Wusi square station are monitored,and the data obtained are used to guide the personnel parameter setting of this subway station.Secondly,factors such as the composition of personnel,the peak coefficient and the uniformity of personnel distribution in the subway station all affect the evacuation efficiency of personnel.The main factors above are analyzed in this study.It is found that the evacuation efficiency is higher in the composition of males with higher proportions;the highest proportion of young people has the highest evacuation efficiency,and the highest proportion of the elderly has the lowest evacuation efficiency.The higher the peak coefficient is,the longer the evacuation time is,and the lower the evacuation efficiency is.When people are unevenly distributed in the subway station,crowd evacuation is prone to long waiting time and congestion.Finally,through the analysis of the main influencing factors,the problems existing in this subway station are obtained,and the improvement measures are proposed.According to the characteristics of personnel evacuation,the width and number of exits should be changed and the diversion device should be used to improve evacuation efficiency.The research shows that when the width of the relatively crowded exit is increased to a certain width,the evacuation efficiency is high and the cost is low.When the exit width is not changed and the relatively crowded exit is divided into multiple,the efficiency of evacuation will be higher.The efficiency of evacuation can be improved by setting guiding devices at the bottleneck of the exits and gates.The study found that evacuation efficiency increased by 16.90%.This study is expected to provide theoretical basis and optimization guidance for the evacuation of similar subway stations in the future.