Research On Optimising The Design Of Personnel Evacuation Based On Numerical Simulation

With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous increase of construction technology,the structure of modem architecture is more and more complex,which has caused considerable impact on personal safety evacuation when they are experiencing emergency situation.In recent years,building fire accidents happened frequently,which have caused many deaths and great threats to people's lives and properties.It has becoming more and more important that how to reduce the time which is needed for people's safety evacuation when facing emergency affairs.In this paper,the main starting point I study on is to optimize the design of the building fire protection,set up a security exit and plan a evacuation route reasonably.Based on the measures mentioned above we can further reduce the required safe egress time.According to the code for fire protection design of buildings,one building should have more than two safety exits and the distance between the two doors nearest edges should be more than 5 meters and also,the distance between any point inside the fire protection zone to the nearest exit should not be greater than 30 meters.Thus,it gives the designers a considerable space to design.At the same time,about the use of the building,there is no strict traffic rules,which will lead to a large gap in the numbers of people during working days and holidays.The author make the use of the Building evacuation simulation software to establish the corresponding personnel behavior model,analysing the impacts of the personnel density,position of safety exits,the quantities of exits,evacuation plans on the evacuation time.At the same time this paper combines the engineering examples with the simulation analysis result,through this way to prove the right of the simulation result.Through simulation analysis,we can clearly see that:1.the personnel evacuation time is increasing with the increase of the personnel density,and through the comparison,the result can be concluded that comparing personnel density ? = 0.51 persons per square with ? = 0.45 persons per square the total evacuation time increased by 17.7%.Based on the simulation result we can make sure that the personnel density has made a considerable effect on the total evacuation time.2.considering the number of safety exit,and the number of total width in evacuation under the premise of consistent,it can be seen that when setting up two same width evacuation doors the personnel total evacuation is 132.6 s,and set up the two narrow three wide door when the personnel of the total evacuation time is 138.9 s,time grew to 4.8%,from data analysis of the situation in the evacuation under the same total width of setting the number of different security export impact on personnel safety evacuation time long is not big.3.the location of the exported from security Settings,when the evacuation door along a long or a short while relatively set has a little influence on the safety of the personnel evacuation time,but when the evacuation time evacuation doors on both sides of the separation or increased by 18.5%,against personnel evacuation faster,4.when the scheme comparison,the author set up three different types of evacuation plan,the three kinds of evacuation simulation analyzed influence on evacuation,the results show that the scheme of the evacuation time than the length of whole growth rate reached 43.8%,the scheme of the night is increased by 83.4%than the plan an evacuation time,thus more reasonable evacuation plan to escape Additional reference exit use efficiency parameters i.e.OPS,on the basis of the export of related personnel evacuation simulation efficiency measure is 0.1 standards.If the export in the evacuation of the greater than 0.1 means use efficiency of the distribution is poorer.Personnel allocation more reasonable,conversely in the use of temporary safety exit the plan efficiency is 0.036,lower than the standard value of 0.1,this also means that scheme a set for a short time to complete evacuation is good,but in practice the plan 2 and 3,exit the use efficiency of 0.538 and 0.877,respectively,were greater than the standard value of 0.1,shows that these two kinds of schemes are detrimental to the safety evacuation.The result of research and analysis provides the reference and basis for building fire performance-based design in hardware and software aspects.