Study On The Space Environment Of Community Parks Suitable For Elderly Fitness Activities

At present,the number and growth rate of China's elderly population rank first in the world,and the health problems arising from it have become one of the prominent issues of common concern to the elderly groups.The National Fitness Program(2016-2020),promulgated by the State Council in 2016,puts forward that we should give full play to the positive role of physical exercise in dealing with the aging of the population.Fitness activities can help the elderly to actively participate in social activities,promote their physical and mental health,alleviate their mental and physical diseases,and become an important evaluation index to measure the health of the elderly.The urgent needs of the elderly.Community parks are the main places for outdoor fitness activities of the elderly.However,after the completion of the existing community parks,the effect of the old people's fitness is often not up to the expected value of the design,resulting in a serious phenomenon that is not suitable for the old people's fitness activities.Therefore,taking the fitness activities of the elderly as the starting point,this paper probes into the suitability of the space environment of community parks,and puts forward the optimum design strategy of the space environment of community parks suitable for the fitness activities of the elderly,which plays an important role in solving the problem of urban ageing,and is the inevitable choice of the environmental construction of cities suitable for the aged nowadays,and has great practical significance and social significance.Firstly,this paper analyses the theoretical basis of the space environment of community parks suitable for elderly people's fitness activities.Based on the theoretical analysis of the basic relationship between the space environment of community parks and the fitness activities of the elderly,starting from the physical,psychological and activity characteristics of the fitness activities of the elderly in community parks,this paper analyses the space environment demand characteristics of the fitness activities of the elderly in community parks,and then from the space layout and artificial design of the sites.This paper summarizes the elements of space environment for elderly fitness activities in community parks from five aspects: allocation of facilities,greening landscape environment,site maintenance and management,and social and cultural environment,so as to construct the elements system of space environment for elderly fitness activities in community parks.Then,this paper constructs a community park space environment evaluation system suitable for the elderly fitness activities.On the basis of the theory of space environment elements system suitable for elderly people's fitness activities,through the questionnaire survey of space environment demand elements of Community Park Fitness for the elderly,the subjective demand data of the elderly are obtained,and then principal component analysis method is used to collate and analyze the space environment elements data obtained from the questionnaire survey,and the corresponding space environment of community park is extracted.Finally,the first-level evaluation index and 32 second-level evaluation indexes are established for fitness facilities,auxiliary facilities,greening landscape environment,maintenance and management guarantee and cultural environment atmosphere.Thus,the evaluation index system of community park space environment suitable for elderly fitness activities is established,and qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods are formulated.Secondly,this paper carries out an empirical study on the suitability of community park space environment for elderly fitness activities.On the basis of the evaluation system,the suitability of space environment of community parks for elderly people's fitness activities was studied by taking Moving Park,Community Sports Park of Tanjiagang Street and Duojiao Community Park of Jiangshan as empirical research objects.The research process is as follows: through field survey,behavior annotation and questionnaire survey,the basic characteristics of elderly fitness crowd and the suitability of space environment in community parks are investigated.Through the evaluation of space environment use as the result of suitability qualitative evaluation,and then through the questionnaire survey of space environment satisfaction,the results of suitability quantitative evaluation are obtained,and comprehensive qualitative and quantitative evaluation conclusions are obtained.The results of comprehensive evaluation of fitness facilities,auxiliary facilities,greening landscape environment,maintenance management guarantee and cultural environment suitability for elderly people's fitness activities in community parks were analyzed.Finally,it was concluded that the current situation of space environment in community parks suitable for elderly people's fitness activities was mainly due to the inefficient use of fitness facilities and the lack of allocation of auxiliary facilities.There are five aspects: lack of greening landscape,single change,imperfect maintenance and management system,poor safety,cultural characteristics and lack of organizational activities.Finally,aiming at the problems from the empirical research,this paper puts forward the optimum design strategies of community park space environment suitable for the elderly fitness activities from five aspects: optimizing the layout of fitness facilities,improving the allocation of supporting facilities,enriching the planting of green landscape environment,strengthening the security maintenance and management guarantee and improving the cultural environment atmosphere.From the perspective of planning intervention,it is suitable for the elderly health.The construction of physical activity community park provides reference and guidance.