| In order to understand the adaptability of traditional villages’ human settlements to karst landforms,the spatial morphological structure of traditional Buyi villages’ human settlements in karst area was studied by using gap index and spatial syntactic axis method.The evaluation index system and weight of suitability degree of traditional Buyi villages’ human settlements in karst area were determined by Delphi method,analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive weight method,and field method was used.Survey method,questionnaire survey method and actual measurement method collect relevant data and index data of human settlements environment suitability,summarize the threshold related research methods of urban and rural construction in elasticity theory,determine the value and threshold of human settlements environment suitability by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and normal distribution method,and comprehensively analyze human settlements environment suitability.The results show that:The spatial form of traditional villages of Buyi nationality in Guizhou Province is divided into uniform type and random type,accounting for 70% and 30% respectively.The spatial structure of traditional villages of Buyi nationality in Guizhou Province is greatly influenced by karst landform.Besides the intelligibility(0.7814),the integration(0.3186),the connection value(2.1473)and other indicators are lower than those of traditional villages in other areas,which are similar to other settlements of Buyi nationality in Karst area.Traditional villages of Buyi nationality are distributed in Guizhou Province.In the early stage of rocky desertification,the number of valleys and high-altitude areas is relatively large,accounting for 53.33%,46.66% and 53.33%of the total,respectively.The index system of suitability of human settlements environment is divided into two levels,in which the first level index and weight arerespectively economic environment suitability(0.2905),historical and cultural environment suitability(0.1269),ecological environment suitability(0.2882),social environment suitability(0.1370)and architectural environment.Fitness(0.1573),26 secondary indicators,the index system has good applicability to all villages in Karst area;on the whole,the fitness values of human settlements environment(2.8083-3.7719)and economy(0.7715-1.1669),history and culture(0.3919-0.4953),ecology(0.8325-1.0694),social environment(0.3801-0.5277)decrease with the increase of rocky desertification intensity and altitude.However,the suitability of human settlements in the traditional villages located on the mountainous half slope(3.5601)is higher than that in the depressions(3.4233)and valleys(3.1586).The reason is that the intensity of rocky desertification and altitude of the mountainous half slope are lower,but there is no significant correlation between the suitability of human settlements and the spatial structure.Karst landform has no significant correlation with the economic,historical,cultural,ecological and social environment and spatial structure.There are far-reaching effects and synergies;traditional villages in karst area have higher suitability for human settlements than ordinary villages,but lower than normal landform areas,and economy and ecology are important elements of human settlements environment suitability;traditional villages of Buyi nationality have suitability for human settlements environment,economic environment,historical and cultural environment,ecological environment and architectural environment.The lower thresholds of social and environmental suitability are 2.9336,0.8733,0.3237,0.8618,0.4631 and 0.4120,respectively.Villages below these thresholds are mainly concentrated in intensive and extremely intensive rocky desertification areas,mostly in valleys,mainly in homogeneous form and with poor spatial structure.Villages below the suitability of human settlements or the lower threshold of the first-level indicators show poor risk resistance,because of vigorous development of ecological economy.Jiji government provides policy support,protects history and culture,properly develops tourism,strengthens comprehensive ecological management,carries out village spatial planning and design,and implements ecological relocation in villages with poor environment to increase the resilience of villages to resistadverse changes in future development.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the planning,development and utilization of human settlements environmental protection in traditional villages in Karst areas,and also provide a reference for the construction of human settlements environmental projects in ordinary villages in Karst areas. |
