Research On The Suitability Of Rural Human Settlement Environment In National Nature Reserves In Guizhou Provinc

Nature reserves are museums of natural resources and bearers of cultural resources,and play an important role in the country’s efforts to promote ecological civilization.Among them,the national nature reserves with the highest protection level contain rich natural landscapes and biological species,and the protection regulations clearly stipulate that human activities are in principle prohibited in the core areas of the national nature reserves,and the already existing villages are to be relocated,so the existing villages are located in buffer zones and pilot zones.There are many nature reserves and villages in Guizhou Province with complex topography,however,in the context of the current vigorous promotion of the rural revitalization strategy and the construction of ecological civilization with national parks as the mainstay,how to coordinate the contradiction between construction of the countryside and ecological protection is the key issue to achieve the sustainable development of nature reserves.The core of this paper is to synthesize and expand the evaluation indexes currently focused on common villages and key ecological function areas,and to evaluate the suitability of rural habitat in Guizhou national nature reserves by establishing an evaluation system,and then to study the improvement and optimization strategies of rural habitat in Guizhou national nature reserves,so as to guide the future construction of rural habitat in the area,with a view to contributing to the revitalization of Guizhou rural areas and providing experience and reference for the improvement of rural habitat in the ecologically fragile area of Guizhou national nature reserves.The results of the study show that:Through a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods,four representative villages in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve were selected as empirical cases to interpret the basic characteristics of their rural habitat environment,analyze the problems and causes of the rural habitat environment in the area,combine the current situation of the rural habitat environment in the case villages and the relevant policies and regulations of the national nature reserve according to the existing studies on rural habitat environment.Based on the existing research on rural habitat environment and the relevant policies and regulations of the national nature reserve,the evaluation system of the suitability of rural habitat environment of the national nature reserve in Guizhou Province is composed of five primary indicators,including living conditions,ecological resources,cultural and tourism resources,public infrastructure,and industrial practices,and 22 secondary indicators,such as per capita living area and the proportion of young and strong labor force in the resident population,using Delphi method,hierarchical analysis method,Likert scale method,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,and assigning weight values to the primary indicators and secondary indicators respectively.The five first-level indicators are ranked as follows:ecological resources(0.5487),cultural and tourism resources(0.2175),public infrastructure(0.1323),industry(0.0522)and living conditions(0.0439).According to the evaluation system,the comprehensive scores of the case villages were calculated and the results were analyzed.Finally,according to the improvement goals and principles of the rural habitat environment of the national nature reserves in Guizhou Province,the development strategies were proposed from the national nature reserves as a whole,and then the improvement strategies of the suitability of the rural habitat environment were specified in five aspects:living conditions,ecological resources,cultural and tourism resources,public infrastructure,and industrial business.The main findings of the study are as follows:(1)The case villages are rich in ecological resources,the basic pattern and texture of the villages are more complete,the transportation is convenient,but the overall living standard are not high,there are big differences in cultural and tourism resources and public infrastructure,the industrial development is weak,and the development of villages in the protected area is unbalanced and insufficient.(2)The evaluation scores of the suitability of rural habitat of the four sample villages are Tuanlong Village(3.7210),Taohuayuan Village(3.3743),Kuaichang Village(3.1138),and Pingsuo Village(2.7650),of which Tuanlong Village,Taohuayuan Village and Kuaichang Village are rated as "good" and Pingsuo Village is rated as "fair".The development level of rural habitat suitability subsystem in the case villages is unbalanced,and the overall level is not "excellent",which indicates that there is still much room for improvement of rural habitat suitability in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve.(3)In terms of improvement strategies,villages in the national nature conservation area should actively explore ecological landscapes and ecological products under the framework of ecological environment protection;coordinate various development plans,integrate spatial elements,and form a unified planning and management basis;optimize industrial structure,strengthen industrial support,and improve the richness of agricultural product categories.