Study On Catholic Architecture In Meiguiying In Chahar Right Front Banner

Inner Mongolia is located in the north of China.It has rich national culture and rich regional characteristics.It has been a beautiful scenic line in the north of China since ancient times.In the mid-19 th century,Cicm spread Catholicism to Inner Mongolia,which also brought a new type of religious architecture-Catholic architecture.Cicm is a congregation from Brussels,Belgium,founded for the cause of Catholicism in China.In the West,every monastery will form its own unique architectural style.Cicm is no exception.During the 90 years of Inner Mongolian missionary work,many rational Gothic masonry buildings originating from Belgium have been built.These buildings inevitably suffered from the local geographical location,folk tradition,historical background and national culture in the process of construction.Influenced by factors such as alienation,it developed into a special building designed and constructed by Belgium and adapted to Inner Mongolia.These buildings formed in the collision and accumulation of architectural cultures between China and Belgium,which have precious historical value and deserve common attention and protection.Based on historical data,visits,surveys and comparative analysis,the Catholic buildings built by Cicm in 1900-1920 are taken as the key research areas.The main missionary activities and related social activities carried out by Cicm in Inner Mongolia are summarized and analyzed,and the main types of Catholic buildings constructed by Cicm are summarized.The main object of study is the Catholic complex of Meiguiying,Chahar Right Front Flag,which covers a variety of Catholic building types.Catholic buildings in Inner Mongolia were seriously damaged during the Anti-Japanese War and the Cultural Revolution.Meiguiying Catholic complex is located in remote mountain villages,survived,existing churches,monasteries,seminaries and other buildings,forming a relatively complete area,although some buildings are out of repair,poor protection,but the layout is clear,already very valuable.On the basis of Surveying and mapping the existing buildings and combining with the digital model restoration research of Meiguiying conducted by Li Weiling,a former sister,this paper conducts in-depth research.Firstly,from the perspectives of religious background,cultural origin,human geography and climatic environment,thestudy explores the site selection concept,overall layout,elements and other characteristics of Meiguiying.Then the single manifestation of Catholic architecture in Meiguiying is investigated and analyzed,among which the highest-shaped,best-built and most representative church buildings are selected for comparative study.The characteristics of Catholic architecture in architectural orientation,elevation form and construction techniques are summarized,and the main characteristics of Catholic architecture constructed by Cicm and Saint Heart during 1900-1920 are summarized.Finally,through the comparison of Chinese and Western Catholic architecture,this paper explores the integration of Chinese and Western architectural culture in the process of the formation of Catholic architecture built by Cicm and Cicm in Inner Mongolia.The study of modern Catholic architecture in Inner Mongolia reveals the process of the spread and integration of Western religious culture and Western architectural culture in Inner Mongolia.It provides a realistic basis for the study of architectural cultural exchange between China and Belgium in Inner Mongolia.It is hoped that the current situation of insufficient research on modern Catholic architecture in Inner Mongolia will do a little bit.