Study On The Urban Park Environment Characteristics Based On The Behavior Need Of The Elderly

At present,the number and growth rate of China's elderly population ranks first in the world.At the same time,along with the rapid advancement of urbanization in China,the spatial environment features of the wide streets and streets in the cities under the guidance of motorization are increasingly evident.The contradiction between urban space environment characteristics and old people's behavioral needs has become increasingly prominent.The construction of an urban space environment that meets the needs of the elderly in using behaviors has become an urgent task.Urban parks,as an important place for the daily activities of the elderly,have an important influence on the use of the elderly population.The urban park environment suitable for the elderly will be an important component of the construction of the old society and has important practical and social significance.First of all,this article combs the relationship between the use of the elderly and the urban park environment,and concludes that the use of behavior-induced engine factors for the elderly is divided into the main and objective factors.The satisfaction of the behavioral needs of the elderly can effectively promote the occurrence of active use behaviors.Effective physical activity and social interaction can bring physical and mental health values to the elderly.The study classifies the types of use of elderly people in urban parks into four basic types of use.The old people's perception of natural use behavior needs,physical exercise use behavior needs,leisure and relaxation use behavior needs and social communication use behavior needs as the starting point,to explore the connotation of the elderly use behavior of urban park environmental needs.And summed it into nature,permeability,richness,enveloping,security,comfort,quality,identification,privacy,belonging,cultural and pleasure characteristics twelve of the urban park environment.Then from the perspective of urban parks' "creation of sites",urban parks are divided into four levels: spatial elements,environmental elements,natural greening elements,and facility skits.Classification of urban space environment elements from different dimensions is divided into walking track width,ratio of high gradient walking tracks,area ratio of hard and leisure green space,interface density,behavioral division type,percentage of light coverage area,and vehicle parking density,road surface roughness,theme color number,landscape node index,facade penetration,plant species,afforestation rate,water coverage,density of park fitness facilities per hectare,density of park seating facilities per hectare,park lighting per hectare Density of facilities,density of park trash facilities per hectare,and facility design index of 19 environmental factors.And then build a city park environmental assessment system based on the needs of the elderly using behavior.Secondly,this study selected Chongqing Shaping Park,Huahui Park and Eling Park three urban parks as research subjects.Through the use of post-evaluation(POE)and behavioral annotation methods,it revealed that elderly users and behaviors are used in the urban park space environment,time and space distribution.At the same time,questionnaires were used to collect individual attributes of the elderly and to assess the satisfaction of behavioral needs.GIS spatial statistics and analysis were used to quantify urban park environmental data,and mathematical statistics were used to analyze the relevance of the elderly using behavioral demand factors and urban park environmental factors.Explore the characteristics of park space environment suitable for elderly people.Finally,on the basis of empirical studies and related case studies of three urban parks in Chongqing,the plan was proposed from four perspectives: meeting the needs of the elderly to perceive natural behaviors,the needs of physical exercise use behaviors,the needs of leisure and relaxation use behaviors,and the needs of physical exercise and behavioral needs.Design intervention measures to provide guidance for the construction of urban parks suitable for the elderly.