Study On The Renewal Of Recreation Space In Mountainous Urban Integrated Parks Based On The Recreation Needs Of The Elderly

With the psychological need for social interaction and the intrinsic need for physical fitness,outdoor recreation has become the primary choice for older people to improve their physical and mental health.As an important place for recreation,integrated parks are favoured by a large number of elderly people.With the increasing ageing of the elderly and their growing demand for recreation,the construction and renewal of integrated parks must take into account the real situation of this particular group.Therefore,the relationship between the recreational needs of the elderly and the space of integrated parks needs to be taken into account,which has important implications and guidance for the design of integrated parks.As a typical mountainous city,the construction of integrated parks in Chongqing is influenced by the characteristics of the mountainous terrain and has a greater impact on the recreational behaviour of the elderly,thus placing higher demands on the spatial layout and the specific design of each type of space within the park.The central ridgeline area of Chongqing is located in a densely populated old urban area with a large number of parks and green spaces,which deserve more attention.Taking the central ridgeline area of Chongqing as an example,this study selects three representative hilltop-type integrated parks based on the way the parks are integrated with the terrain,the area and nature of the parks,the surrounding land use of the parks and the fieldwork of the parks as selection criteria,and conducts an in-depth study from both the macro planning level and the micro design level.At the macro level,the overall spatial layout and overall use of the hilltop urban integrated parks are studied to summarise the layout structure,use characteristics and overall layout problems of the recreation space.This includes:(1)analysis of the spatial potential of recreation paths and recreation units through relevant indicators of the spatial syntax method to summarise the spatial layout structure suitable for elderly people’s recreation.(2)Research and analysis of the overall use of the elderly through the behavioural observation method,summarising the content characteristics,medium and high frequency behavioural characteristics and use heat characteristics of the overall park recreation space,and putting forward requirements for the layout of the overall spatial structure.(3)By comparing and analysing the predicted aggregation of open space with the actual usage of open space,the overall layout of open space is further sorted out as follows:(1)open space paths: not high accessibility,few tandem nodes,detours and low recognisability.(2)Recreation units: insufficient number,uneven supply of functions,mismatch between current function types and their spatial potential,and poor connectivity between sites.Microscopically,the study of specific spatial quality and use of mountain integrated parks and the willingness to use them is used to summarise the basic requirements of each type of recreation space,the characteristics of use,the differentiated requirements of the elderly and specific quality problems.This includes:(1)A field survey of specific spatial quality,summarising the basic requirements of each type of space and exploring the internal quality factors affecting the use of older people in conjunction with low use heat areas.(2)The research and analysis of the use of the elderly through behavioural observation method,to obtain the content characteristics,frequency characteristics,scale characteristics,time characteristics of each type of open space and the characteristics of the elderly’s leisure behaviour,and to put forward requirements for the design of specific space quality.(3)Analyse the willingness of the elderly to use the open space through questionnaires,and obtain the differentiated requirements for each type of space.(4)Comprehensive discussion of the above analysis results,summarise the specific quality of recreation space on the problems:(1)recreation path: space is occupied,space level is not clear,site paving is not safe,space paving poor guidance,the number of facilities is not sufficient,plant richness is not enough.(2)Collective recreation unit:inappropriate spatial scale,uneven spatial site,insufficient number of facilities,unattractive plants,lack of sculptural vignettes.(3)Leisure-type recreation unit: insufficient spatial enclosure,insufficient number of leisure facilities,unreasonable distribution of leisure facilities,unattractive plants.(4)Recreational recreation units: insufficient number of facilities,unreasonable distribution of facilities,insufficient plant richness,unattractive plants.(5)Sporting recreation units: unsafe site paving,single type of facilities,inadequate number of facilities,poor quality of facilities,poor shading effect of plants.(6)Spectacular recreation units:inadequate number of facilities,unattractive surrounding plants.Based on the above research results,the renewal optimisation principles of safety,convenience,comfort and richness are proposed;and based on this,the overall layout and specific quality renewal strategies of the recreation space are proposed;combined with the proposed renewal principles and strategies,the actual project is optimised and transformed using Chongqing Loquat Mountain Park as an example.