Research On Environmental Optimization Strategies Of Urban Communities Based On The Happiness Of The Elderly

In recent years,with the severe aging situation,the aging problem has attracted extensive attention of the society.In 2021,the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on strengthening the aging work in the new era put forward specific requirements from six aspects:improving the elderly care service system,improving the health support system for the elderly,promoting the social participation of the elderly,striving to build an elderly friendly society,actively cultivating the silver economy and strengthening the security of aging work.Community is the main living space for the elderly,which is very important for their daily life,neighborhood communication and leisure activities.Therefore,improving the quality of community livable environment is a necessary factor to enhance their sense of acquisition,happiness and security.Taking the elderly aged 60 and above as the research object,this paper designs a questionnaire from four aspects: the basic attributes of the elderly,community environmental satisfaction,behavioral activities and happiness,and conducts a questionnaire survey on the elderly in Yuebei community and mianzhou community in Mianyang City,in order to study the community environmental factors affecting the happiness of the elderly.The specific research contents and results are as follows:(1)Through literature reading,this paper constructs the index system of community environment,behavior activities and well-being of the elderly.Among them,the community environmental indicators include 5 primary indicators of landscape greening,transportation facilities,public service facilities,interpersonal relations and public facilities,and 28 secondary indicators of public activity sites,recreational facilities and barrier free facilities in streets;Behavioral activities include three primary indicators of static behavior,semi dynamic behavior and dynamic behavior,and 16 secondary indicators such as the use of electronic products,chess and cards and walking;Happiness includes 10 items of two primary indicators: positive emotion and negative emotion.(2)The satisfaction of the elderly with the community environment shows that the satisfaction of the community environment is 0.41,which is in a satisfactory state as a whole.Among them,the satisfaction of transportation facilities(0.56)is the highest,followed by landscape greening(0.45),and the lowest is public service facilities and interpersonal relations,both of which are 0.31.Among the 28 evaluation factors,the satisfaction of environmental sanitation,bus lines,bus stop distance and business service attitude is high;The satisfaction of cultural activity stations,day care centers for the elderly,community activities and community care is low.Community level: the environmental satisfaction of mianzhou community(0.53)is slightly higher than that of Yuebei community(0.32),among which the satisfaction of Xishu famous residence,Pingzheng No.67 community and Pingzheng No.4 residential area in Yuebei community is the lowest,and the satisfaction of Changhong No.5 living area and gaoshui residential area in mianzhou community is the lowest.(3)The participation frequency and experience of the elderly’s daily behavior activities show that the elderly tend to static behavior activities,followed by semi dynamic behavior activities,and dynamic behavior activities are the least;The well-being of the three types of behavioral activities was 0.95,0.79 and 0.78.(4)The happiness measurement of positive emotion and negative emotion shows that the happiness of the elderly in mianzhou community is 0.82 and that in Yuebei community is 0.81.The happiness of the elderly in mianzhou community is slightly higher than that in Yuebei community.(5)Amos is used to construct the structural equation model among community environment,behavior activities and well-being,and the community environment evaluation factors and influence paths that affect the behavior activities and well-being of the elderly are obtained.The results show that the community environment directly and positively affects the happiness of the elderly.Secondly,the community environment indirectly and positively affects the happiness of the elderly through the intermediary factor of behavior activities.Among the community environmental assessment indicators,transportation facilities(0.84)have the greatest impact on the behavior and well-being of the elderly,followed by landscape greening(0.79)and public facilities(0.73),and interpersonal relations(0.54)have the least impact.Among the community environmental assessment factors,the greatest impact on the elderly is the community parking and charging facilities,street barrier free facilities and street slow traffic system in transportation facilities;Public activity sites,recreational facilities and summer site shading in landscape greening;Occupation of community activity sites and garbage collection in public facilities;Cultural activity stations and day care centers for the elderly in public service facilities,community care and community activities in interpersonal relations.(6)According to the research results of structural equation,combined with the current situation of community environment,this paper puts forward optimization strategies for the community environmental factors affecting the happiness of the elderly,and selects Xishu famous residential community as the case area to optimize the design from four aspects: landscape greening,space optimization,transportation facilities and planning management.