Research On Road Traffic Accident Causes And Occurrence Mechanism

With the rapid growth of economy and car ownership in China,great convenience has been brought in real life.At the same time,more and more traffic accidents have occurred.Although China’s road traffic safety level has been improved gradually,there is still a big gap compared with some developed countries.The loss caused by traffic accidents still hold a dominant position of the total loss in China.Therefore,to improve the level of traffic safety is still very important for improving the national economy and personal safety level.However,the study of the causes and the law of road traffic accidents in China still fall behind compared with the developed countries,and sometimes sometimes the cause of traffic accidents is attributed to a certain factor,ignoring the road traffic is a complicated dynamic system composed of people,cars,roads and external environment.Therefore,we should study this factors and the interaction between them systematically in order to find out the causes and the occurrence mechanism of traffic accidents and put forward the effective accident prevention measures.The main work of this paper is as follows:First of all,basic elements of the road traffic system and the interaction between the elements are analyzed,and on this basis,analyzing the influencing factors of road traffic accidents,laying a theoretical foundation for the study of the causes and occurrence mechanism of traffic accidents.Secondly,based on the fault tree model,the accident causes are analyzed systematically.Through the establishment of the fault tree model of the accident on the Guantangqiao road,this paper makes qualitative and quantitative analysis of accidents causes in the accident section.It can be understood that the interference of pedestrian and non-motor vehicle is the main accident causes.And the prevention measures of the accident are put forward basing on the analyzing result.Thirdly,through the establishment of driver driving behavior model and the analysis of the various aspects of driver’s driving process,and the driver information processing model is established and the driving operation process is analyzed.Threekinds of road traffic accident mechanism are put forward: drivers’ error mechanism,mutation accident mechanism and comprehensive accident occurrence mechanism.,And the causes of the three mechanisms are analyzed respectively.Finally,the analysis method of the accident occurrence mechanism-"Time-error-mutation" state analysis are put forward basing on analyzing of the classification of accident occurrence mechanism and cause process.This method is used to analyze the accident occurrence process,so as to find out the interaction between influencing factors of road traffic accidents and determine the accident occurrence mechanism.Through the analysis of the case,it proves that the method is practicality,feasible and comprehensive.And it can be widely used in the future accident analysis,which has certain reference function and application value to improve the traffic safety management level.