Causes Research Of Unsafe Act Of Construction Crane Accidents

Construction crane accidents exceeded half of the crane accidents.Although the two major safety indicators,the number of equipment accidents and the death rate of10,000 units,are generally declining,but the number of accidents in construction cranes has been high,so the prevention research on construction crane accidents appears to be Very important.With the continuous updating and improvement of the theoretical methods of behavioral safety,more and more security practitioners have chosen to apply the theory of this direction to practical problems and achieved good results.In order to better prevent construction crane accidents and find out the main causes of accidents,this paper selects the behavioral safety "2-4" model theory as a tool for accident prevention,and combines the corresponding statistical methods to lift 70 domestic buildings.A systematic analysis of mechanical accidents was conducted.First,through analyzing 70 accident samples,find out all the unsafe actions,form all unsafe action libraries;then classify the unsafe actions inside different organizations of the construction project;then find out the unsafe actions of the responsible personnel in the key positions.Ensure that the responsibility is to the people;finally,count the unsafe actions that occur more frequently,find out the law of change,and use the accident prevention system for safety training.The following main conclusions were drawn from the research:(1)In the period of 2012-2016,the number of construction crane accidents in the country showed a wavy slow rise.In 2016,the maximum peak value was 56,and the average number of occurrences accounted for 59.13% of the crane accidents.The number of accidents and deaths of larger and above construction cranes in the country increased volatility and reached the maximum at the same time in 2014,with 12 and36 persons,accounting for 25.56% and 23.48% respectively.In 2012-2017,the construction crane accidents in Jilin Province were generally in a downward trend,and the number of accidents fluctuated between 1 and 5.(2)The types of unsafe movements are divided into 9 sub-categories,and all unsafe action libraries of construction crane accidents are obtained.There were 526 unsafe actions in 70 accidents,including 360 insecure actions(VA),127 insecure operations(VO),37 insecure command(VC),and the remaining 6 categories.Unsafe actions did not appear.(3)In order to facilitate the actual use,all unsafe actions are numbered in the attached table,and corresponding unsafe action libraries are also established and classified for unsafe actions within different organizations of the construction project.There are construction construction units,construction units and construction supervision units within different organizations of the construction project.There were 416 unsafe movements in the construction unit,which were divided into 12 categories.Among them,the unsafe movements occurred more than 20 times,such as“the signal is undocumented and the signal is unclear and illegally lifted”.The unsafe movements of the construction unit occurred in 55 times and were divided into three categories.The most unsafe action occurred was “not obtaining a construction permit”,and the number of occurrences was 16 times.The unsafe movements of the building supervision unit occurred 53 times,which were divided into 4 categories.The most unsafe action occurred was the “unreasonable or unscheduled arrangement of the supervisors on the side station”,“not required to rectify or request temporary suspension.” The two constructions were performed eight times.(4)Conduct research on the unsafe actions of different organizations within the construction project and divide the personnel level.Top management has project managers,production managers,project leaders and directors.Middle management personnel include technical leaders,safety directors,and directors.The on-site management personnel include safety officers,team leaders,safety management engineers,professional supervision engineers,and supervisors.Field operators have first-line staff for the project.The safety officer and the first-line operation staff who issued the most unsafe actions for the unsafe action of the construction unit were 218 times,accounting for 19.95%.The person responsible for the unsafe action of the construction unit issued the most unsafe action,the project leader,the number of occurrences was 50,accounting for 84.13%.The supervisors responsible for theunsafe actions of the supervisors issued the most unsafe actions,the number of directors,the number of occurrences was 74,accounting for 47.13%.In terms of personnel level,the on-site management personnel of the construction unit issued the most unsafe actions,the number of occurrences was 362,accounting for 33.11%.The top management of the construction unit issued the most unsafe actions,the number of occurrences was 50,accounting for 84.13%.The top management of the supervision unit issued the most unsafe actions,the number of occurrences was 74,accounting for 47.13%.(5)In order to make the training method more in line with the needs of enterprises and the market,the R&D team developed an accident prevention training system.