Research On Causes And Countermeasures Of Individual Behavior Of Construction Lifting Injury Accident

Lifting machinery operation is an indispensable part of the building construction process,and it exists in almost all stages of the building construction process.With the extensive use of lifting machinery and equipment,building construction lifting injury accidents have also occurred,and it is particularly important to prevent building construction lifting injury accidents.Studies have shown that unsafe human actions are the main cause of accidents.By preventing unsafe actions of hoisting machinery operators,it is possible to better prevent construction lifting and injury accidents.This paper uses the behavioral safety "2-4" model to statistically analyze the unsafe actions of individuals in 85 cases of building construction lifting injury accidents.On this basis,the habitual unsafe behaviors that cause personal unsafe actions are deeply analyzed,and the types of high-frequency habitual unsafe behaviors(lack of safety knowledge,low safety awareness,and poor safety habits)are analyzed.By intervening in habitual unsafe behaviors to improve safety capabilities,that is,rationally optimizing the process of safety capabilities to prevent building construction accidents,and then combined with a cross-theoretical model to establish a process intervention model for the safety capabilities of building construction accidents.,Use this model to conduct in-depth research on the safety capabilities of construction crane operators.The results show that this model is of great significance for intervening in the unsafe habitual behavior of people in building construction lifting injury accidents and improving people’s safety capabilities.The specific research content is as follows:1.Count 85 lifting and injury accidents with specific accident investigation reports from 2013 to 2019,and use the behavioral safety "2-4" model to analyze the unsafe actions of relevant personnel.The results showed that: construction crane driver unsafe actions totaled 82 times in 4 categories;site constructors unsafe actions totaled 19 times in 2 categories;construction lifting signal division rope workers unsafe actions totaled62 times in 4 categories;construction crane installation There are 64 unsafe actions of the demolition workers in 4 categories;242 unsafe actions of the construction unit management personnel in 13 categories,33 unsafe actions of the construction unit management personnel in 9 categories,and 33 unsafe actions of the management personnel of the supervision unit in 5 categories.2.Based on the analysis results of unsafe actions,further analyze the high-frequency habitual unsafe behaviors of personnel.The results of the analysis are:113 high-frequency habitual behaviors of construction crane installation and disassembly workers in 7 categories;146 high-frequency habitual behaviors of construction crane drivers in 9 categories;68 high-frequency habitual behaviors of construction workers in 8 categories.5 types of high-frequency habitual behaviors,57 times in total.3.Based on the analysis results of high-frequency habitual unsafe behaviors,this article optimizes the role of safety capabilities in the behavioral safety "2-4" model,so that individual behaviors in construction lifting injury accidents are gradually improved,combined with healthy behavior changes The model establishes a behavioral intervention model for lifting injury accidents,which shows the targets of intervention and high-frequency habitual unsafe behaviors.4.In order to determine the safety capabilities of employees,this article combines the "2-4" model to improve the job hazard analysis method(JHA).Through the improved JHA,the risk of construction is further evaluated.The evaluation results indicate the hazards of specific work steps,so as to determine the safety capabilities that employees should have,as the focus of intervention for the habitual unsafe behaviors of people involved in construction lifting injury accidents.