Accident Cause Mechanism And Safety Supervision Game During Construction Crane Operation

The construction crane is an important transportation equipment in the hydropower engineering field and even the whole civil engineering construction field,which can transfer construction elements efficiently and improve construction efficiency.In the outdoor environment,the construction crane with the tall structure is often used to implement high-intensity hoisting activities,which is influenced by many uncertain factors that interact with each other.However,the frequent occurrence of operation accidents leads to a large number of property losses and casualties.Tower crane,as a common construction crane,not only has the common hazard characteristics of the construction crane,but also has the unique hazard characteristics such as more complex accident causes,more uncertain accident occurrence,more serious hazard consequences,wider potential impact space,which makes it difficult to prevent and control tower crane accidents.Most of the existing studies focus on the statistical analysis and qualitative analysis of tower crane accident causes,which do not fully consider the complexity and uncertainty of accident causes,lack systematic modeling and quantitative analysis of tower crane accident causes,and are difficult to provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and control of tower crane accidents.Because of above reasons,this paper takes the tower crane operation system as the research object,closely around causation factors,formation process,causing patterns,prevention and control of tower crane operation accidents,and systematically carries out the research on the accident cause mechanism and safety supervision game during tower crane operation,aiming at providing theoretical reference for the prevention and control of tower crane accidents.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Accident investigation reports during tower crane operation in China are analyzed,and accident attributes such as time,stage,type,casualty category and hazard level are extracted through the structured processing of accident information,so as to analyze the tower crane operation accident patterns.Meanwhile,the systematic safety analysis method is used to identify tower crane accident causes based on the "2-4" Model of Accident Causing.The features of accident causes including the root cause,direct cause,indirect cause and external cause are analyzed.From the systematic perspective,the factors causing tower crane accidents are identified,and occurrence patterns of tower crane accidents are found out,which can provide basic data support for revealing the accident cause mechanism.(2)Based on the accident patterns,taking frequent object strikes caused by falling objects during tower crane operation as the analysis object,this paper defines the space affected by tower crane operation hazards and the working space of ground construction activities,and constructs the spatial-temporal correlation between the two in terms of space and time overlapping.Based on the theory of accident causing,this paper analyzes the time-space running track of tower crane operation and ground activity,quantitatively depicts the degrees of space intersection and time coincidence,calculates the probability of space conflict of the cross operation,and establishes the time-space forming process model of tower crane accident.Simulation is carried out to verify the validity of the model by a case.From the perspective of time and space,an analysis method of the formation process of tower crane accident is proposed,which can provide an analysis tool for understanding the accident formation in the investigation report.(3)Based on the identified cause factors and accident formation process analysis method,the fault tree method is used to systematically analyze the accident occurrence process in the investigation report and extract the tower crane accident cause chain.The method of "graphic-matrix-graphic" is used to integrate all of accident cause chains,and the complex network model of tower crane accident causes is established.By calculating the topological characteristic parameters of the cause network,the structure importance degree of each cause is quantitatively analyzed,and the cause patterns and key cause factors(chains)of tower crane operation accidents are found out.The quantitative analysis method of tower crane accident is put forward from the systematic perspective,which can find out the complicated relationship and the internal causing mechanism between tower crane accident causes.(4)Based on tower crane accident cause network,this study quantitatively analyzes the impact degrees between the cause factors of tower crane accidents,systematically analyzes the hierarchical characteristics of cause factors,and constructs the hierarchical structure of the impacts among accidents cause factors.Based on Bayesian theory,the hierarchical structure is transformed into the Bayesian network structure of tower crane accident causes,and the condition probability of each cause is determined,in order to construct Bayesian network model for tower crane accident causes.From the probability perspective,this paper puts forward the uncertainty analysis method of tower crane accident causes,which can clarify the probability dependence of tower crane accident causes,realize the forward probability calculation and reverse cause reasoning of tower crane accidents,and provide theoretical support for tower crane operation safety supervision.(5)Based on the above research conclusion,this paper analyzes the interest demands of relevant parties during tower crane operation from the perspective of safety supervision,determines the benefit matrix of supervision-use-maintenance stakeholders,constructs the evolutionary game model of the three-party behavior strategies,simulates the three-party behavior strategies with simulation technology,verifies the rationality of the solution result of the model,analyzes the behavior evolution patterns during tower crane operation,and proposes relevant measures and suggestions for prevention and control of tower crane accidents.From the dynamic perspective,this paper puts forward the game analysis method of tower crane safety supervision,which can explore the evolution patterns of behavior selection of relevant parties during tower crane operation,provide theoretical guidance for the behavior supervision of all parties involved in tower crane operation,and enrich the theory and method of the prevention and control of tower crane accidents.