Biodiversity And Birdstrike Risk Assessment At Hohhot Baita International Airport

The investigation and diversity of birds in and around the airport is of great significance to the prevention of bird strike.From September 2018 to August 2019,systematic investigation and research were carried out on birds within 8km of Hohhot white tower international airport and its surrounding area by means of fixed-distance line transect and fixed-radius point count,insects in the airfield area were investigated by means of sample line method and trap method,and plants in the airfield area by means of quadrat method.The relationship between birds,plants and insects in the key areas of birdstrike prevention was analyzed.In the survey area,61 species of birds,13608 birds,belonging to 14 families and32 families were recorded.Among them,the main bird species are passerine birds,a total of 52 species of breeding birds(including summer migratory birds and resident birds),accounting for 85.2% of the total number of birds in the survey area,and 9species of non-breeding birds(including migratory birds and winter migratory birds),accounting for 14.8% of the total number of birds,of which there are more palearcticrealm.There are 5 national key protected birds,all of which are national level ? key protected birds.According to the analysis of the bird's community structure,In the airport enclosure,the bird diversity index(1.4742)is highest in autumn,the evenness index(0.6610)is highest in spring,the dominance index(0.8218)is highest in winter,and the average density in summer(13.0702)is the highest.Outside the airport enclosure,the bird diversity index(1.9395)and the evenness index(0.5820)are the highest in summer,the winter dominance index(0.3693)and the average density(11.5821)is the highest.5052 plants of 50 species were recorded in the key areas for birdstrike prevention;among them,Stipa bungeana,Lespedeza davurica,potentilla bifurca,potentilla tanacetifolia,Carex korshinskyi,Artemisia scoparia dominant in quantity.The plant species are the largest in August and September,and the number of plants is the largest in September.A total of 8197 insects,8 orders and 71 families were recorded.Among them,19 families of Coleoptera are the most,followed by 17 families of Hemiptera.From the perspective of the number of individuals,the number of 3258 individuals in Hemiptera is the largest,followed by 1610 in Coleoptera.The results of the study show that plot 2 has the largest number of individuals and a high number of families,indicating that plot 2 's location at the airport is more suitable for insect survival and attracts insect-eating birds.The area of land 2 should be the key area for insect and bird control.According to the monthly data,the number of individual insects is the highest in June,and the birds that feed on insects increase correspondingly in this month;the number of insects in August is the largest,and the types of birds that eat insects also increase.The relevant departments of the airport should take precautions against birds during these two months.During the investigation,1444 birds of 16 species were recorded in the key areas of birdstrike prevention.Among them,sparrows,magpies,pigeon,eurasian collared dove and eurasian jackdaw are the main bird species.In key areas,the increase in the numberof birds lags behind the increase in the number of insects by one month.The number of insects peaks in June and the number of birds peaks in July.The number of plants peaked in September.The bird species increased in July and August with the increase in plant species and insect species,and both peaked in August.Based on a comprehensive investigation and systematic analysis of the potential hazards of birds in the airport and the surrounding 8km range to the safe flight of the aircraft,a birdstrike risk evaluation model was proposed.The risk assessment matrix is used to classify bird species into three categories: severe hazard(level 1),relatively dangerous(level 2)and general hazard(level 3),and put forward corresponding birdstrike prevention measures.There are 16 species of severe hazard birds.Compared with the results of bird surveys at Hohhot Baita International Airport in2004-2005 and 2010-2011,the number and types of birds recorded in this survey have decreased.At the same time,we also put forward specific preventive measures for different seasons,different regions,and different bird species,which provides an important scientific basis for the future birdstrike prevention at Baita International Airport.