Ulanhot Civil Aviation Airport Bird Diversity And Birdstrike Risk Assessment

From August 2007 to July 2008, a bird survey was conducted in Ulanhot civil aviation airport and its surrounding 7 km in Inner Mongolia. The result showed that:(1) The composition of avian community and its characteristics: 112 bird species were recorded, belonging to 37 families 15 orders. We devided the airport into three areas which are named A, B and C according to the different distance from the centre of Ulanhot civil aviation airport.52 bird species were recorded in area A.There were 20 resident species,22 summer migrant species,3 winter migrant species,7 travelling species. 102 bird species were recorded in area B. There were 27 resident species,49 summer migrant species,6 winter migrant species,20 travelling species. 78 bird species were recorded in area C. There were 19 resident species,38 summer migrant species,5 winter migrant species, 16 travelling species. Avian fauna in animal geographical divisions flora is the songliao plain area in east Asia and bounded palaearctic. The Avian fauna reflected transitional character of northeast type , north type and mongolian bird species.(2) Avian community structure and diversity: The avian community structure indices for "A" region in each season are as follows, the birds diversity index in "A" region: spring > autumn > summer > winter, the birds evenness index: spring > autumn > summer> winter, the birds dominance: winter> summer> autumn > spring, the birds density: winter > summer > autumn > spring; The avian community structure indices for "B" region in each season are as follows, the birds diversity index in "B" region: autumn>summer>winter>spring, the birds evenness index: winter >autumn summer>spring, the birds dominance: spring>summer>autumn > winter, the birds density: spring > winter > autumn > summer; The avian community structure indices for "C" region in each season are as follows, the birds diversity index in "C" region: summer>spring>autumn>winter, the birds evenness index: summer>winter>spring>autumn, the birds dominance: autumn>winter> spring> summer, the birds density: autumn>spring>winter>summer.(3) The relationships between bird diversity and environmental factors of habitats showd,bird diversity positively correlated with plant diversity and invertebrates diversity remarkably. This research can provide sound scientific foundation making preventive measures against birdstrike.(4) It uses important value(IV), 4 factors important value(IV₄), 4 factors clustering analysis method and 5 factors clustering analysis method for airport birdstrike risk assessment methods. The result proves 4 factors important value(IV₄) and 4 factors clustering analysis method are close to practical situation.(5) By analyzing the relationship between avian community structure and their habitats, we come to the conclusion that food, water and shelter condition are three key factors in determining the change of bird diversity in this airport and its neighborhood. At last, we discussed the relationship between three key factors and existence of birds and the characters of these potential dangerous birds to plane security. Some effective preventive measures for birdstrike have been proposed to this airport.