The Structure And Diversity Of Bird Community In Northern Shanxi Airport

In order to master the activity rhythm of airport birds and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of airport bird strike,the activity rhythm of airport bird community,the dynamic analysis of high risk bird species and the related environmental factors were studied by using transect line survey in northern Shanxi airport from June 2019 to December2020.The main results are as follows:1 Composition and dynamic of bird communityA total of 84,459 individuals and 121 species were recorded in the study area,which belong to 18 orders,44 families and 79 genera at the airport,among them,tourist and summer migratory birds are the main part of airport bird community,bird species are dominated by Passeriformes and Omnivorous.In terms of regional distribution,species density,individual density,activity frequency,diversity index,evenness index,dominance index and richness index of bird communities in different regions were significantly different(P<0.05).The density,activity frequency,diversity index and richness index of birds in the west area of taxiway are the highest,the highest density of species in the northern part of the airport,the area between the runway and taxiway has the highest evenness index,the dominance index of the south side of the airport is the highest.Similarity coefficient(S)was highest in the east side area of the runway and the west side area of the taxiway(0.7368).In terms of diurnal variation,at 8:00-9:00 a.m.,bird activity is the most frequent and bird species richness is the highest.The highest frequency of bird activity in spring and autumn is 8:00-9:00 a.m.,the highest frequency of bird activity in summer is 7:00-8:00 a.m.and in winter is 9:00-10:00 a.m.The most frequent periods of phytophagous,carnivorous and omnivorous bird activities are8:00-9:00 a.m.,the most frequent period of insectivorous bird activities are 10:00-11:00 a.m.In seasonal dynamics,uneven distribution of bird communities in different seasons,species density,diversity index,evenness index and richness index of bird communities in different seasons were significantly different(P<0.05),individual density,activity frequency and dominance index of bird communities were not significant(P>0.05).The density,dominance index and richness index of bird species were the highest in spring;the diversity index and evenness index of autumn birds were the highest;in winter,birds have the highest individual density and activity frequency.The similarity coefficient is the highest in spring and summer.The carnivorous birds are most active in E1 and B1 areas,and the insectivorous,phytophagous and omnivorous birds are most active in B3 and E3 areas.2 Dynamic analysis of high risk birdsAfter high threat bird species rating and grading,the airport have 5 species of class I dangerous birds,11 species of class II dangerous birds,19 species of class III dangerous birds,54 species of general dangerous birds.The daily activity peaks of all dangerous species were concentrated at 8:00-9:00 a.m.,The most frequent time for afternoon activities is17:00-19:00.Class I dangerous birds are most active in E3 and B3 areas,class II dangerous birds are most active in B3 and E3 areas,class III dangerous birds are most active in B3 and B1 areas.3 Correlation Analysis between birds and environmental factorsThere was a positive correlation between the number of insectivorous birds and the number of individuals of Coleoptera Orthoptera and Leoptera(P<0.1).There was a significant positive correlation between the number of individuals of Hirundo rustica and the number of Coleoptera and Orthoptera,between the number of individuals of Cisticola juncidis and the number of Coleoptera,between the number of individuals of Anthus richardi and the number of Dermaptera(P<0.05).After the snow,individual density of birds increased significantly(P<0.05).Bare patches are the main environmental factor that attract birds into airport activities.Beta diversity turnover groups in exposed and transition areas were higher than nested groups,indicating that bird communities are unstable and more susceptible to changes caused by the migration of one or more species.