The Study On Avian Diversity And Preventive Measures For Birdstrike At The Three Civil Aviation Airport In The Northeast Of Inner-Mongolia

During August 2007 to July 2008, In northest of Inner-Mongolia, a detailed survey on birds was carried out in Hailaer, Ulanhot and Tongliao civil aviation airport and their surrounding 7km. We systematically analyzed, based on the comprehensive investigation, the composition of avian community, a comparison of the avian diversity in different area, different seasons, the relationships between bird diversity and environmental factors of habitats and bird species that threaten flight security of the three civil aviation airport. Then the feasible preventive proposals against birdstrike have been put forward for the three civil aviation airport. The major result showed that:(1) The composition of avian community:During the investigation,101 bird species which belong to 16 orders,36 families were recorded at the Hailaer civil aviation airport. Among them,25 species are residents,50 species are summer visitors,2 species are winter visitors and 24 species are migrants; 121 bird species were recorded at the Ulanhot civil aviation airport, belonging to 37 families 15 orders. There were 31 resident species,55 summer migrant species,8 winter migrant species, 27 travelling species.75 bird species which belong to 14 orders,34 families were recorded at the Tongliao civil aviation airport. There were 25 resident species,41 summer migrant species,3 winter migrant species,6 travelling species.(2) The avian diversity:In area A, the bird species diversity of the Ulanhot civil aviation airport was higher than that of other two airports in autumn and spring, but the Hailaer civil aviation airport was the highest in summer and winter, the Tongliao civil aviation airport was the lowest in every season. In area B, the bird species diversity was the highest in spring at the Hailaer civil aviation airport, but the Ulanhot civil aviation airport's bird species diversity was the highest in other three seasons, the bird species of the Tongliao airport was the lowest in summer, autumn and winter. In area C, the bird species diversity was the highest at the Hailaer civil aviation airport in four seasons, but the bird species of the Tongliao civil aviation airport was the lowest in spring, summer and winter.(3) The relationships between birds diversity and environmental factors of habitats:Birds diversity positively correlated with plants diversity and invertebrates diversity remarkably, no relationship with vegetation coverage at the Hailaer civil aviation airport. Birds diversity positively correlated with plants diversity remarkably, no relationships with invertebrates diversity and vegetation coverage at the Ulanhot and Tongliao civil aviation airport.(4) Determination of dangerous species rank:According to the important value of the species, combining the factors of quantity, flight height, flocking behavior, whether to cross the runway, the distance between the birds and the flying area, expert experience and so on, the risk level of species were divided, namely the serious risk species, the high risk species, the comparative risk species, and the average risk species. There are 14 species of the serious risk,24 the high risk species, 27 the comparative risk birds,36 the average risk species at the Hailaer civil aviation airport. They respectively account for 13.86%,23.76%,26.73% and 35.64% of the total birds in the research region of the Hailaer airport. There are 9 the serious risk species,42 the high risk species,29 the comparative risk species,41 the average risk species at the Ulanhot civil aviation airport. They respectively account for 7.44%, 34.71%,23.97% and 33.88% of the total birds in the research region of the Ulanhot civil aviation airport. There are 11 the serious risk species,16 the high risk species, 17 the comparative risk species,31 the average risk species at the Tongliao civil aviation airport. They respectively account for 14.67%,21.33%,22.67% and 41.33% of the total birds in the research region of the Tongliao airport.(5) Based on analying root cause of birdstrike, we proposed some reasonable measures on environmental administration and some pieces of advices on working on prevention of birdstrike.