The Research On The Measurement And Spatial Characteristics Of Green Total Factor Productivity

The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is the first five-year planning period since China's economic development entered the new normal.It is also an important period for China to transform its economic development mode,adjust its economic structure and promote supply-side reform.Ensuring the quality of economic development under the constraints of resources and the environment is not only the core content of sustainable economic development,but also an important guarantee for the comprehensive construction of a well-off society and the smooth realization of "ecological civilization construction."Green total factor productivity can not only reflect the economic growth,but also make a more objective evaluation of the quality of economic development under the consideration of energy consumption and environmental pollution.It is an important indicator to measure the quality of economic growth.Based on the DEA model,this paper used the non-radial,non-angle SBM directional distance function and ML(Malmquist — Luenberger)index to incorporate environmental pollution and energy consumption indicators into the productivity analysis framework.Each province and city was used as a decision-making unit to measure the growth of provincial green total factor productivity while considering the increase in economic output and the reduction of energy consumption and pollution emissions.Then the growth of total factor productivity was broken down into technological advances and technological efficiency changes.Based on the relevant data of 30 provinces and municipalities in China(excluding Tibet Autonomous Region,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)from2007 to 2017,the growth of green total factor productivity in China's provinces was measured.Then this paper used spatial econometric model to deeply explore the impact of energy consumption structure,environmental regulation,R&D investment and other factors on China's inter-provincial green total factor productivity and its geospatial characteristics.The empirical results show that China's national average total factor productivity increased by 31.1% between 2007 and 2017,mainly due to the growth of technological progress.The green total factor productivity of each region showed an increasing trend during the sample period,and all of them were characterized by technical efficiency decline and technological progress.Geographical factors are the main factors that cause spatial spillover effects of variousvariables on green total factor productivity,technological progress and technological efficiency changes.Without considering economic factors and considering only the geographic weight matrix,the direct and indirect effects of energy consumption structure on technological efficiency and technological progress are significantly negative.R&D investment has a significant effect on the promotion of the three,but the spillover effect on technological progress and technological efficiency changes is not significant.Foreign direct investment can promote the improvement of the three,but the spillover effect on technical efficiency is not significant.Environmental regulation is not conducive to the improvement of green total factor productivity,but the direct and spillover effects on technological efficiency and technological progress are significantly positive.Finally,based on the results of empirical research and the current state of China's economy,this paper proposes relevant policy recommendations,such as: upgrading energy consumption structure,formulating appropriate environmental protection policies,expanding R&D investment in the whole society and improving the quality of foreign investment.