Study On The Different With Plant Diversity And Soil Fertility Restoration In The Reclamation Dump Of The Haizhou Open-cast Mine

The dump is a loose structure formed by open-pit mining,low vegetation coverage,low nutrient content,and loose accumulation between the platform and the slope.It is composed of coal gangue,rock,and soil.It is a kind of engineering disturbance soil.Vegetation restoration is an effective measure to control and restore the soil hydrological and ecological functions of the dump.It can improve or improve the ecological environment,and can significantly increase the diversity and stability of the dump ecosystem,reduce soil erosion,and improve the soil water conservation function,and land productivity.Therefore,to study the diversity of planted types,soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity of the 5 planted types in the reclamation dump,establish an evaluation system for the force recovery of the dump,and select the optimal type of vegetation for reclamation in the dump in this paper.It was provided a theoretical basis for the evaluation of site vegetation restoration and soil restoration.The main conclusions of this study were as follows: The tree height,breast diameter and crown width of Robinia pseudoacacia land,Ulmus pumila land,mixed forest land and shrub land in the dump were 1.64-6.66 m,2.19-7.09 cm,1.69-4.25 m,among which mixed forest land was significantly smaller than other samples.The dominant vegetation in the dump was Setaria viridis,Elymus dahuricus Turcz and Carum carvi.Its coverage was 86%-92%,and Ulmus pumila land was the largest.The soil moisture content of the 5 plots in the dump was shown a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the soil depth,and the soil bulk density generally was shown an increasing trend.The contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium decreased with the increasing of soil depth,and its value was 23.52-28.29 g/kg,0.49-0.56 g/kg,0.22-0.27 g/kg,26.68-33.57 g/kg,45.28-50.73 mg/kg,14.74-17.31 mg/kg,and 80.10-97.14 mg/kg.With the increasing of the soil depth,the activities of soil invertase,catalase,urease and protease in all plots of the dump were reduced,and the content of the 0-50 cm soil layer was 115.03-278.37 ug/g,1.01-2.16 ml/g,9.08-12.38 mg/g,and 7.30-15.24 mg/g.There was a positive correlation between soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activities.A total of 15 evaluation indicators were screened in this study,and an evaluation system for soil fertility restoration in the dump was established.The results showed that the comprehensive index of soil fertility restoration with mixed forest land,Ulmus pumila land,shrub land,Robinia pseudoacacia land and grassland in the dump was 0.5317,0.5240,0.5018,0.4970,and 0.4408.Compared with grassland,they had improved to varying degrees,and Ulmus pumila land,mixed forest land had better recovery.