Studies On Revegetation And Restoration Effects Of Yimin Opencast Mining Wasteland

Large opencast coal mine in China mostly in the arid and semi-arid area, in theconstruction of the mining process, the environment is great destruction. Yimin opencastcoal mine is located in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and is an important part ofthe overall energy development strategy of China’s northeast region. Mine Spoils ofartificial restoration greatly accelerate the ecological restoration of abandoned land speedrecovery effect. However, the specific recovery through artificial recovery is to whateAtent, and whether the recovery goal is still the need for theory and data support. Thestudy on the basis of summing up the results of previous studies. From2009to2010investigation and laboratory analysis, clear differences in the different communities in soilphysical and chemical properties; different vegetation communities and soil physical andchemical properties of the principal component analysis comprehensive evaluation modeland correlation analysis, evaluation Yimin Opencast Mine ecological Restoration effect, tomake a different recovery stages of vegetation restoration practices. Conclusions are asfollows:1. There are plants24families,55genera and79species in Yimin Opencast wasteland,including17Compositae plants,16Gramineae plants,11Leguminosae plants and9Chenopodiaceae plants4families, a total of42genera and53species,67.1%of the totalnumber of species. With recovery time increasing, the plant Branch, genus, speciesshowing a growing trend. Type of plant growth in artificial recovery plant consists ofbiennial herbs to trees, shrubs and perennial herbs succession.2. In wasteland plant communities are mainly: ⅠSalsola collina+Tribulus terrestris+Chenopodium glaucum; ⅡAgropyrondesertorum+Saussureajaponica+TaraAacum mong-olicum; ⅢStipa grandis+Artemisia halodendron+Artemisia sieversiana; ⅣLeymus chine-nsis+Elymusdahuricus+Artemisiahalodendron; ⅤHippophczerhczmnoides+Medicago sa-tiva; ⅥCaragana microphylla+Leymus chinensis+Heteropappus hipidus; ⅦLeymus chin-ensis+Medicago sativa; ⅧHippophcze rhczmnoides+Artemisia halodendron+Artemisia si-eversiana; ⅨPinus sylvestris+Hippophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa+Stipa grandis.3. With recovery time increasing, the Alatalo index showed α downward trend. Othe αdiversity indexes showed an upward trend. Spoils of plant species diversity index, thegreater the greater richness index, but were lower than the control plots. The β diversityindex showed the same recovery period within the neighboring communities of abandonedland has a high similarity species distributed substantially uniformly. Pinus sylvestris+Hip- pophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa+Stipa grandis community diversity of Jaccard andSorensen diversity refers to the control plots similarity between the largest coefficient of0.428and0.302respectively. Aartificial restoration5years later appear native vegetationconstructive species, artificial restoration25years, plant community similar to the controllevel was only moderate similarity.4. Artificially introduced species formed Pinus sylvestris+Hippophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa+Stipa grandis community pattern restoration works best on abandonedsoil. In5years and15years wasteland Stipa grandis+Artemisia halodendron+Artemisiasieversiana community and Caragana microphylla+Leymus chinensis+Heteropappus hip-idus community of the soil improvement effect are better.5Within9evaluation objects of Yimin coal mine wasteland, the lowest fertilityquality is Salsola collina+Tribulus terrestris+Chenopodium glaucum of backfill dump, thebest soil fertility quality is Pinus sylvestris+Hippophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa+Stipa grandis of Yanbang dump, in the same level of the original landscape. The soilfertility quality of Yimin coal mine waste land is middle level,77.8%of the total wasteland. The poor fertility quality waste land is11.1%of the total waste land, mainly in thenatural recovery area of backfill dump.6The order of9evaluation objects of effect vegetation recovery in abandoned landsis: Pinus sylvestris+Hippophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa+rhczmnoides+Artemisiahalodendron+Artemisia siever-siana>Leymus chinensis+Medicago sativa>Caragana mic-rophylla+Heteropappus hip-idus>Hippophcze rhczmnoides+Medicago sativa>Stipa gran-dis+Artemisia halodendron+Artemisia sieversiana>Leymus chinensis+Elymus dahuricus+Artemisia halodendron>Agropyron desertorum+Saussurea japonica+TaraAacum mong-olicum> Salsola collina+Tribulus terrestris+Chenopodium glaucum.