| Aiming at the problems of soil poor and desertification and low oats yield in the agropastoral region of the North foot of Yinshan Mountain,In this study,four soil improvement substances were selected,including polyacrylamide,bio-organic fertilizer,humic acid compound fertilizer and cow manure organic fertilizer.the effects of different improvement substances on soil physical and chemical properties and oat growth and development were investigated by field experiment,in order to screen out a suitable soil improvement substances for the northern foot of Yinshan Mountains and similar ecological regions,providing theoretical and data support for soil fertility improvement and crop yield increase.The results show that:(1)The application of soil improvement substances improved soil physical properties,improved soil water retention performance,promoted the formation of large aggregates of soil,reduced soil bulk density and soil compaction,increased soil total porosity,and improved soil structure.The soil water content in 0~40 cm soil layer was increased by various improvement substances,which was 1.59 %~42.98 % higher than that of control.The soil water content in cow manure organic fertilizer treatment was all the highest in 0~10 cm,10~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers.The soil aggregate content(> 0.25 mm)all increased among 0~40 cm soil layer in all improvement substances treatments,and the largest increase was found in cow manure organic fertilizer treatment.It was 32.28 %?33.62 %?29.24 % respectively.The improvement effects on bulk density,compaction and porosity were as follows: cow manure organic fertilizer > humic acid compound fertilizer > polyacrylamide > bio-organic fertilizer.(2)The application of soil improvement substances improved soil chemical properties.The soil pH value in 0~40 cm soil layer decreased by Humic acid compound fertilizer and cow manure organic fertilizer treatment,whereas increased by polyacrylamide and bio-organic fertilizer treatment.The soil organic carbon content and total nitrogen,total potassium and total phosphorus content in 0~40 cm soil layer by cow manure organic fertilizer treatment increased by 0.88 %~16.67 %,4.71 %~7.44 %,1.03 %~3.96 %,5.43 %~6.35 %,respectively.The content of available nutrients in 0~40 cm soil layer was lower than that of the control,but among the amendment treatments,cow manure organic fertilizer treatment was the largest,which increased by 6.32 %~26.77 %,1.07 %~37.57 % and 4.91 %~49.63 % compared with the treatment of polyacrylamide,bio-organic fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer.(3)The application of soil improvement substances has positive effects on oat growth and development and yield.Compared with the control,the plant height,leaf area,dry and fresh weight of oats all enhanced by soil improvement substances during all growth stages.Among all treatments,cow manure organic fertilizer performed best.The oat plant height significantly increased by in all treatments compared with control,with the range of 0.75 %~7.45 %.What's more,the treatment of cow manure organic fertilizer had a significant effect on the yield traits such as ear weight per plant,grain weight per plant and number of layers per wheel,but the other treatments had no significant effect.All soil improvement substances treatments were significantly increased the economic and biological yields than those of the control,increased by 15.13 %~28.57 % and 8.50 %~17.50 %,and the order of effect between all soil improvement substances treatments was cow manure organic fertilizer > humic acid compound mixing Fertilizer > polyacrylamide > bio-organic fertilizer.Comprehensive consideration of the effects of various soil improvement substances on soil physical and chemical properties and yield in oat field,it is preliminarily believed that cow manure organic fertilizer could be selected as the soil amendment agent of the North foot of Yinshan Mountain and similar ecological type zones,followed by humic acid compound fertilizer. |
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