Experimental Study On Physical And Chemical Properties Of Oil Shale Before And After Pyrolysis In Typical Mining Areas In Northeast China And Bayanjargalan Mining Area In Mongolia

Since the beginning of this century,as a major energy consuming country,the United States and China have taken carbonaceous shale as the main development strategic goal of oil,natural gas and chemical raw material supply.By 2035,the total shale oil production in the United States will account for 49%of the total energy consumption,and China will actively expand shale gas project research to ensure the domestic demand target.At the same time,China has invested a lot in the geological survey of oil shale,systematically studied the geological characteristics and chemical properties of oil shale deposits in the basin,deeply studied the composition and other characteristics of oil shale,and summarized the resource potential of oil shale.Due to the rising price of global crude oil and the increasing demand for liquid mineral fuels,the shale oil and gas production in Mongolia is stimulated.It is planned to build a new oil shale retorting unit to produce oil shale oil.Mongolia's primary energy demand is expected to increase from 3.3 million tons in 2010 to 12.1 million tons in 2035,with an annual growth rate of 5.4%.By 2035,oil demand is expected to grow by 5.1%a year.Mongolia is a net importer of oil,mostly from Russia.In Mongolia,there is little physical and chemical research on oil shale.At the same time,due to the lack of exploration data,Mongolia's oil shale resource potential is still unknown.At present,oil shale slag is widely used in building materials,roads,water treatment and fertilizer manufacturing in some countries,which provides a reference for Mongolia to develop oil shale industry.Systematic study on the physical and chemical properties of oil shale components is very important for the full utilization of oil shale resources.Firstly,the study also focused on the chemical characterization of before and after pyrolysis of oil shales,obtained by China's three and Mongolia's four mines.The studies detailed characterization of Fushun,Fuyu and Nongan from China and Bayanjargalan(BJ),Erdenetsagaan(ET),Erdenesant(ES)and Hoot(HT)from Mongolia's oil shales using various analytical techniques.We were investigated using Elemental analysis,Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS),element analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR).The results of the quality of oil shales varies greatly in HT,ET,BJ,Fushun and Fuyu oil shales are of good quality with oil content as high as 13.62%,13.42%,11.22%,7.5%and 6.5%.ES and Nong'an oil shale are of poor quality with oil content of 4.162%and 2.22%.Fuyu,Nong'an,ES and ET oil shales have higher ash content,lower volatile content,lower calorific value and inferior fuels with moderate slagging tendency than HT,BJ and Fushun oil shales.The peaks of organic matter at 2910 cm^-1and 2840 cm^-1represent organic matter in oil shale.The peak of organic matter in oil shale disappeared after pyrolysis.It can be seen that the dominant mineral components of the all oil shales are calcite,quartz,feldspar,kaolinite,dolomite,plagioclase,illite/smectite and amphibole.The surface structure of the oil shale was determined by SEM.The physical transformation of the evolution of pore space during the thermal conversion of kerogen in oil shale to produce hydrocarbon products was characterized.The different areas seven oil shale samples are heated from 30?up to830?with heating rate of 10,20,30,40 and 50?/min,nitrogen flow rate of 30 m L min^-1.Mainly three different reaction regions were observed at pyrolysis of most of the samples studied.Then,using TG technology and determining the pyrolysis reaction kinetic parameters,the pyrolysis characteristics of oil shale in three different places in China were analyzed in detail.The activation energy estimated using Friedman,Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO)methods.Secondly,in this paper,oil shales from three China different areas and four different Mongolia areas were selected to study on thermophysical and electrophysical properties before and after pyrolysis.Systematic in theoretical,experimental and comparative analyses were conducted.To study the thermophysical properties of oil shales at different temperatures in different areas.The samples with room temperature and heating to 150?,250?,350?,450?and 550?were selected for thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,thermal diffusivity.Comparison of calculated results with experimental data are shown with thermal diffusivity as a delegate parameter.Areas,where further research of a basic nature would be of particular relevance,are also highlighted in the review.According to the formula,the coefficient of thermal conductivity under normal temperature and pressure is deduced.In the aspect of the electrophysical properties of oil shale,the four terminal method was used to measure the variation of electrical conductivity with temperature in the range of 20-500?for oil shale.The dielectric constant and loss tangent of oil shale temperature at 20-500?and 1-150 k Hz were measured by parallel plate capacitor method.The electrical conductivity of oil shale was measured from 20?room temperature to 500?and kept for 10 minutes.The experimental results show that the resistance of oil shale decreases gradually with the increase of temperature,showing the characteristics of semiconductor.The low temperature section is almost insulator.400?480?is the optimum temperature for oil shale decomposition,and the conductivity is the best at this time.