| The family Caliscelidae belong to Fulgoroidea(Hemiptera:Auchenorrhyncha).The planthopper family Caliscelidae including 76 genera with 233 species,is a small group that widely distributed in the world.So far,in China,the taxa of the family contained 12 genera with 31 species.Many species are important agricultural and forestry pests.The insect fauna of the family Caliscelidae is abundantly distributed in southwestern China,but there has been a lack of comprehensive systematic research.In this paper,a systematic taxonomic study of the family Caliscelidae in Southwest China is carried out.The main contents include:fauna classification,DNA barcode and phylogenetic research.The main findings are as follows:1.Taxonomy16 species within 7 genera(including two new species of Caliscelini,a new genus with two new species of Augilini,a new record of Caliscelini)of the family Caliscelidae from Southwestern China are systematically recorded,and illustrations of 15 species character are given in detail.Species characteristics and keys to all Southwest Chinese species are provided,and 15 species are described and illustrated in detail.The type specimens and material examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang,China(IEGU).The taxa are following:New genus(1)Youtuus Chen&Gong,2018(published)New species(4)Barrmbusicaliscelis flavus Gong,Yang&Chen,201$(Published)Barrmbusicaliscelis guttatus Gong,Yang&Chen,2018(Published)Youtuus erythrus Gong,Yang&Chen,2018(Published)Youtuus strigatus Gong,Yang&Chen,2018(Published)New record genus(1)Chirodisca Emeljanov,1996 rec.n.New record species(1)Chirodisca exirriia(Stal;1859)rec.n.2.DNA study1.A molecular database of the family Caliscelidae was initially constructed.16 species within 7 genera as test samples to the experiment,extract DNA sequence,amplification DNA segments of purpose(CO 1,16S rDNA,Cytb,28 srDNA and ITS 1).More than 100 sequences are returned,73 available sequences after the correction,including 12 species of CO 1,16 species of 16S rDNA,12 species of Cytb,14 species of 28S rDNA and 14 species of ITS 1.2.The family Caliscelidae DNA barcode candidate molecular markers were initially screened.In the sequence component analysis,the mitochondrial genes CO 1,16S rDNA and Cytb all showed obvious A+T base preference,which accorded with the mitochondrial base composition of insects;the G content of 28S was as high as 33.0%,indicating that the nuclear gene 28S rDNA there is a significant difference between the composition and the mitochondrial gene,the variation is very small,and the evolution rate is relatively slow;ITS 1 has a relatively high mutation site,so the evolution rate is faster.R value and base substitution analysis.The R values of CO I,16S rDNA,Cytb,28S rDNA and ITS 1 are:0.72,0.36,0.86,1.54 and 0.73,the lowest R value is 0.36 for 16S rDNA.According to R value and base substitution analysis,genetic distance,and phylogenetic signal monitoring,the preliminary conclusions drawn are:16S rDNA.CO 1,Cytb,28S rDNA and ITS 1 can provide phylogenetic information,which can be used as candidate molecular markers,but the best candidate molecular marker for the family Caliscelidae is CO I.3.Phylogeny1.Phylogenetic analysis based on morphology.Take the G.quinquemaculatu for the out group,selected 54 morphological features,using MP method and NJ method,applying PAUP phylogenetic software to analysis 2 tribes 7 genera16 species of the family Caliscelidae,and obtained 2 phylogenetic trees.(1)The family Caliscelidae is monophyly.(2)The analysis results support the existing classification system of the 2 tribes with 7 genera(3)The Caliscelini is located near the root,which is relatively primitive.Although there is a little difference in the position of MP and NJ,the Augilini is always located in the upper part of the phylogenetic tree,indicating the Augilini is more evolution(4)The phylogenetic relationship of the 7 genera of the family Caliscelidae is:((Chirodisca+Bambusicaliscelis)+((Augilodess+.Symplana)+(YoataasS+(Pseudosymplanella +Symplana)))).2.Phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data.The out group is 1 species of Hemisphaeriini,and the 28S rDNA was selected.The BI and ML methods were used to apply the phylogenetic software of MrBayes and IQtree to the 2 tribes and 7 genera of the family Caliscelidae Phylogenetic analysis of genus-level elements yielded two molecular data phylogenetic trees(1)The family Caliscelidae is monophyly(2)The analysis results support the existing classification system of 2 tribes with 7 genera(3)The Caliscelini is located near the root,which is relatively primitive.Although there is a little difference in the position of ML and BI,the Augilini is always located in the upper part of the phylogenetic tree,indicating that the Augilini is more evolution(4)The phylogenetic relationship of the 7 genera of the family Caliscelidae is:(Chirodisca+(Bambusicaliscelis+(Augilodes+((Symplanella))+(Pseudosymplanella)+(Symplana+Youtuus))))). |
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