Study On The Seed Plants At The Low-mountain Deserts In The Upper And Middle Reaches Of The Manas River In Xinjiang

The desert in Xinjiang is large in area and diverse in type.Apart from the desertification in the beach,it includes other types of deserts,and the low desert is one of the most common and very special types of desert.The low-mountains deserts on the northern slope of the Tianshan are the “mountain-basin” intersection between the Tianshan Mountains and the Junggar Basin.It is often a winter pastoral area for pastoral animal husbandry.Plant species are relatively diverse and complex.They are key areas for species diversity and weak areas for research.In this paper,the low-mountain desert seed plants in the upper reaches of the Manas River in the middle part of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains were studied.Field observations and collection and identification of plant specimens were carried out,and some relevant literature data were used to determine the plant species in the area.Based on the analysis of the seed plant species,composition of family and genus,life type and ecological type,endemic phenomena,rare and endangered plant resources and floristic characteristics in the area,the results showed that:1.There are 44 families,174 genera,and 294 species of desert seed plants in the upper and middle reaches of the Manas River in Xinjiang.There are 1 family and 1 genera and 1 species of gymnosperm,43 families,173 genera and 293 species of angiosperm.The angiosperms are dominant.Among angiosperms,there are 253 species of dicotyledon in 39 families,148 genera,and 40 species of 25 genera in 4 families of dicotyledonous plants,mainly dicotyledonous plants.2.From the perspective of the quantitative level structure of the genus level,there are 37 families,accounting for 84.09%,of the single genus and oligopathies(2-5 genera),which is the main body of the family,but few in number;many families(16-30)and middle subjects(6-15)have 7 families,accounting for 15.91%,but the genera account for 62.07%,which is the main body of the department.From the species level structure of the family,there are 38 families and 86.37% of single families and oligospecies,which is the main subject of the family,but the number of species is small;there are 6 families in the larger and medium branches,accounting for 13.63%,but species accounted for 62.93%,which is the main body of the district.3.Composition of genus: The genus(11-20 species)is only Salsola(13 species)and Astragalus(12 species),which are the dominant genus in this area;the genus of genus Oligo(2-6)There are 269 genera of 172 genera and 8.8 genera,which account for 98.85% and 91.50% of total genera and total species,respectively.It is the main component of this flora.4.The comparison of the six families of this family with the world flora revealed Chenopodiaceae,Cruciferae,Polygonaceae and Boraginaceae as the flora of this family.Compositae(45 species),Polygonaceae(42 species),Cruciferae,Gramineae,Leguminosae,Lithospermum,Liliaceae,Lamiaceae,and Polygonaceae are the dominant families in this area.Department of Characterization;comparing the regions with more species and Xinjiang flora,found that Compositae,Leguminosae,and Gramineae are dominant in number,but compared with the Xinjiang region,their proportion is not High,only Chenopodiaceae and Cruciferae are not only dominant in quantity,but also occupy a high proportion in the Xinjiang region.Their advantages are obvious.5.The endemism of this region is not obvious.There are 4 species endemic to China and 8 endemic to Xinjiang.There are only 1 species distributed in the upper and middle reaches of the Manas River in China,and only 163 species are distributed in Xinjiang,China.6.Rare and Endangered Plants: There are 10 types of rare and endangered plants included in the “China Red List”,all of which are near dangers;there are 2 kinds of nationally protected wild plants;8 kinds of wild plants are protected in Xinjiang.7.There are 6 types of life styles,including 139 species of herb from one to two years old(including 66 species of ephemeral species)with the highest proportion reaching 47.28%;followed by 110 species of perennial herbs(including 11 species of ephemeral plants),accounting for 37.41% Other parasitic plants(5 species),shrubs(26 species),semi-shrubs(12 species)and trees(2 species)were dominated by herbs(254 species)(86.39%).8.There are only two types of ecotypes: mesozoic and xeric,with 198 species of mesophytes(67.35%),but xerophiles are mostly dominant species in the region.9.The geography of the flora is more complex.There are 8 distribution types and 11 variants at the genus level,mainly in temperate distribution and its variants(75 genera,51.73%);and the Mediterranean and West Asia to China The sub-distribution and its variants are closely related(42 genera,accounting for 28.97%).Some of the sub-Asian distributions and their variants and pan-tropical distribution types are rare,while others are rare.This article has comprehensively and systematically revealed the species composition and species diversity characteristics of the low-mountain desert seed flora on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains with the upper reaches of the Manas River as the core,enriching and developing new contents of basic botany research in the region.The new data provides a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the study of biodiversity,ecological environment,and conservation and rational use of characteristic resource plants in the region.