| Sustainable utilization of land resources is a main component of national or regional sustainable development,is the important indexes for evaluation of regional land resources,to a certain extent,can reflect the urban social and economic development and land coordination and contradictory relationship between the ecological environment.With the acceleration of China's urbanization and the expansion of the city scale,the demand for the ecological carrying capacity of the sustainable development of land resources is higher and higher.Center developed regions in Heilongjiang province,Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar with the rapid growth of urban rapid development and population,lead to Ha-Da-Qi region of significant changes have taken place in land use,farmland,construction land increased dramatically,waters,forests,wetland decreased to some extent.At the same time,the region of saline-alkali land and sandy land is constantly expanding,resulting in serious degradation of land desertification,and the trend of land use type in the region is developing towards non-uniform direction.By ecological footprint and ecological capacity of Ha-Da-Qi regions of study can quantitatively reflect the regional sustainable utilization of land resources in the ecological environment situation,in order to improve the land ecological Ha-Da-Qi regional sustainable development ability,promoting the harmonious development of the regional social economy and ecological environment to provide scientific advice and policy guide,in order to achieve the purpose of sustainable utilization of land resources.This article selects the Ha-Da-Qi region(Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar)as the study region,based on the theory of ecological footprint,the Ha-Da-Qi regional ecological footprint in2005-2015,the land ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit dynamic quantitative calculation,on the basis of the ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP,land ecological pressure index,land ecological footprint index,coefficient of land ecological coordination,land ecological footprint diversity index and land ecological system development ability of six indexes,to Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar comparing the calculation results of three regions,in the study region of ecological land resources sustainable utilization level.The results show that:(1)Ecological footprint: In 2005-2015,the per capita ecological footprint of the Ha-Da-Qi region showed an upward trend,with the highest per capita ecological footprint in 2012 and the lowest per capita ecological footprint in 2007.The per capita ecological footprint of Daqing region is the highest in Ha-Da-Qi region,with the lowest per capita ecological footprint in Harbin.The ecological footprint of productive land in the Ha-Da-Qi region is mainly concentrated in cultivated land,grassland and fossil energy land,and the ecological footprint of forest land,water region andconstruction land is relatively small.(2)Ecological carrying capacity: In 2005-2015,Ha-Da-Qi regional ecological bearing capacity of the rising trend overall,including Daqing region per capita ecological carrying capacity change trend of the most significant,and the ecological carrying capacity of the strongest,Harbin region of the weakest ecological carrying capacity;The arable land and grassland occupy a large proportion in the productive land ecological bearing capacity of each type.(3)Ecological deficit: In 2005-2015,Ha-Da-Qi regional ecological carrying capacity is far less than the people to the natural ecological footprint,the development of Ha-Da-Qi region has been in a serious state of ecological deficit,Daqing region ecological deficit per capita than in Harbin and Qiqihar district.It is pointed out that,while the economic development of Daqing is developing rapidly,the ecological environment of land resources is very serious,and the supply and demand of ecosystem is more serious than that of Harbin and Qiqihar.(4)Sustainable utilization level of land resources: Ha-Da-Qi region overall ten thousand yuan GDP ecological footprint and land ecological pressure index have been reduced,at the same time the land ecological footprint index,land ecological coordination coefficient and development capacity continues to grow,that Ha-Da-Qi regional sustainable utilization of land resources have improved,but overall still is in a state of unsustainable development.Need to Optimizing industrial structure and developing circular economy;Transform consumption pattern.;Protection of productive land;Improve the ecological compensation mechanism;We should improve the utilization of land intensification and improve the utilization rate of land resources to achieve sustainable development of the social economy and land ecological environment in the Ha-Da-Qi region. |
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