Analysis On The Evolution Of Employment Structure And Influence Factors Of Marine Industry In China

The marine industry and employment are an important part of the marine economy,and both of them are in the relation of dialectical unity.On the one hand,as the main part of the marine economy,the marine employment population is one of the leading factors to promote the development of the marine economy.On the other hand,the rapid development of the marine industry can expand the employment population,and playing an important role in solving the problem of employment.Based on the latest research progress and research status,we have revealed the evolution characteristics of marine employment,by borrowing from the theory of econometrics and economic geography.Based on the panel data on 11 coastal provinces(cities),this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal differences of the evolution of marine industry employment by using the methods of ?three-axis map? and ?gravity center model?,further,discussing the influence of economic,structural and technical factors on the evolution of marine employment with the Divisa model,making a scientific plan for the coordinated development of marine industry and employment in coastal areas.the result shows:(1)Compared with the national and land industries,the benefit of the marine industry development is better,and absorbing more employment,but it's obvious of the difference between the marine industry department.Among them,marine fisheries is still the main force to absorb employment,the rapid development of the tertiary industry has made it the main force to promote the employment growth of the marine industry.The secondary industry has a little role in promoting employment,because of the characteristics of technology-intensive and high technical threshold.Emerging industries,marine chemicals,marine engineering construction,marine power and sea water utilization with higher employment elasticity,and promote the employment of marine industries.Compared with the traditional marine industry,the emerging industry was relatively higher in labor productivity;it promoted the employment of the population from the traditional marine industry to the emerging industry flows,and strengthened the emerging marine industry employment effect.(2)According to the time evolution,employment structure of marine industry evolution is difference from Petty-Clark theory.the characteristics of large fluctuations and poor stability,it shows that the low proportion of the emerging marine industry,the high proportion of the traditional marine industry,it's greatly influenced by natural geography and economic fluctuation.The first and tertiary industry is still the main force to absorb employment.(3)According to the space evolution,the distribution of the marine employment gravity center and marine economy gravity center is imbalanced,and the imbalance of the distribution of the marine economy is greater than the distribution of the marine employment population;From the direction of movement,the direction of movement of the marine employment gravity center which moves from southeast to northwest;While marine economy gravity center which moves from southwest to northeast.From the regional distribution,the center of gravity of marine employment and marine economy are located in the Yangtze River Delta.Besides,the marine economy has realized the leapfrog development in the Bohai Rim from 2002 to 2007,which will promote the short-term agglomeration of the employment population;it's obvious of polarization pattern in the Pearl River Delta,the China's marine economy shows the pattern of northeast strong and southwest weak.From the range of movement,the deviation of marine economy gravity center is obviously greater than that of marine employment,the degree of deviation between marine economy and marine employment gravity center is increasing.(4)The economic growth effect is the main factor of the employment growth in China's marine industry,structure effect and technical effect are the main factors restraining employment growth in marine industry,and the three factors combined effect of the employment change of marine industry.In which the economic effect is the stabilizing factor of the employment in China's marine industry,the structural effect fluctuates greatly and has a great impact on the employment change of the marine industry,and the technical effect is between economic effect and structural effect,and the endogenous impetus to the change of employment.