| Mariculture plays an important role in promoting economic national development,increasing employment and ensuring the food safety.Moreover,mariculture can protect marine ecosystems through reducing the pressure on marine capture fisheries by alleviating the shortage of aquatic products.However,the competitive and conflicts use of sea area are increasing with the fast economic development,population growth and urbanization in coastal zones.It has become a common phenomenon that seawater farmingwas squeezed,by other industries in many coastal communities.Many areas tradational for mariculture are replaced by ports,docks,subways and other projects.One of the important reasons that mankind's destructive use of marine ecosystems and tending to removing aquaculture is that we did not place adequate value to marine ecosystem services.Based on the study of marine ecosystem service theory,this paper establishes a method of assessing the value of mariculture service and systematically evaluates the value of mariculture service in Fujian Province.The main achievements of the dissertation were as follows:1)The study systematically analyzed the theory of marine ecosystems services for mariculture,and proposed that marine ecosystems services for mariculture is the contribution of marine ecosystem to the benefits of human derived from mariculture.The benefits derived from marine aquaculture are the result of the joint contribution of marine ecosystems and human activities,and only the contribution of marine ecosystems is the marine ecosystem service for mariculture.2)The study established the method to assessing the value of mariculture service.Based on the above theory of marine aquaculture services this paper found that the value of mariculture services is the remaining part of the value of marine aquaculture products after deducting the contribution of human activities.And themethod for valuingthe mariculture service is established according to the rent principles of natural resource economics.The paper also established the total value and average value evaluation method of mariculture service at administrative scale and breeding environment scale.3)The study evaluates of the value of mariculture in sample scale.The benefits and costs data of 90 samples were collected by field investigation,and the value of mariculture service at different cities,breeding environment and breeding species were estimated employing the established evaluation method.The results showed that the marginal value of marine aquaculture services at the province scale is between 0.68-8.83 yuan/(m2·yr),with an average value of 3.24 yuan/(m2·yr).The marginal value of different breeding environments are different.The value of mariculture services in shallow sea area is highest,reaching 3.82 yuan/(m2·yr),the value of pond farming and beach farming were 2.84 yuan/(m2·yr)and 2.73 yuan/(m2·yr)respectively.The results also indicated that the maginal value of marine aquaculture services varied significantly by breeding species.The highest value of aquaculture services is abalone,reaching 8.41 yuan/(m2·yr),the lowest is algal aquaculture,1.31 yuan/(m2·yr).The marginal value of marine aquaculture services for breeding species ranked as abalone>fish>sea cucumber>polyculture>shrimp>shellfish>algae,which indicating that the value of mariculture services is largely influenced by the value of each breeding species.4)The study assessed the value of mariculture services in Fujian Province.The total value of marine aquaculture services in Fujian Province is RMB 3.86 billion per year which the contributed more than 10%to the total value of mariculture products.The average value is 2.56 yuan/(m2·yr).Among the coastal cities,the total value and the average value in Zhangzhou,which is the highest,reach 1.325 billion per yerar and 3.48 yuan/(m2·yr)respectively;The lowest is Xiamen due to its smallest mariculture area.The values of maricultyure services were different by breeding environments.The highest value is shallow aquaculture services,reaching 1.67 billion per year,the lowest is the beach farming,reaching 0.797 billion per year;the aquaculture environment per unit area of the value of services were 3.82 yuan/(m2·yr),2.84 yuan/(m2·yr),2.73yuan/(m2·yr).From the breeding species,although the value of unit area of shellfish farming is not the highest,the shellfish farming area is the largest,its total value of farming services is the highest,reaching 14.5 billion per year,accounting for the proportion of all ecosystem services value of 37.57%;the lowest is shrimp and crabs,0.237 × 107 billion per year,accounting for the proportion of the value of all ecosystem services is less than 1%,which is also closely related to the traditional algae-based aquaculture structure in Fujian Province. |
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