The Study Of Birds Community Structure And Species Diversity Changein The Citlization Of LanZhou

Good ecological environment is essential to human survival and development,now urbanization's proceeding forward unceasingly,the question about city ecological environment is more and more prominent,the wrong economical development way was the primary cause of the destruction of ecological environment,therefore how to improve the city ecological environment and how to using the resources reasonably to achieves the sustainable development become the two hot topics which people most care about.As Chinese western area important city Lanzhou is facing the similar question.Birds are an important part of the city ecosystem,and we can use birds' feature indicate the environment quality.So in order to protect birds and monitor the city's ecological environment simultaneously,we should study the city birds' community characteristic,community's change condition as well as each kind of habitat factor.June 2014 to January 2016 we did a survey on the different types of habitats in Lanzhou(wetland habitat,mountain habitats,neighborhood habitat,road green belts and industrial zone habitat)about birds,we compared the features of birds community then analyzed the effects of urbanization on birds' community diversity based on the feature of dynamic distribution of urban birds and current situation of birds'community diversity.And analyzed effects on birds of urbanization from the time dimension,we compared the survey data of 1962 and 1982 with ours,and we use fuzzy evaluation on the spatial dimension of urbanization to analyzed effects on birds of urbanization.This study is the first time in Lanzhou,the research results can be used for urban conservation and provides scientific basis for planning urban ecological construction policies.The main results are as follows:1.Community structure of birdThe survey recorded 90 species of birds belonging to 15 orders,31 families,the bird community is relatively stable in summer breeding season and the wintering period.There are 9 species of birds are second class state protection.Species diversity index is 3.3722,uniformity index is 0.3630,and dominance index is 0.1168.Bird species number is max which live in wetland habitat as well as and dominant species,there are less birds live in mountain habitats and the bird diversity of road green belts and industrial zone habitat is lower for wetland habitat.2.Bird diversity changes on the time dimension in the process of urbanization of LanzhouCompared with the previous recorded data of bird diversity of the Lanzhou city,we make an analysis through flora,and then draw a conclusion on the time dimensions and in the process of urbanization in Lanzhou city:bird community diversity decreased as a whole,but the pace of decline is slowing.A few species recover gradually.Analysis result of residence type of birds showed that the proportion of summer resident and the winter resident bird in the Lanzhou birds' community increased on the time dimension,but the passing bird,the resident bird and the straggler occupy less percentage.The feeding habits analysis result showed that the proportion of the omnivorous birds and the phytophagous birds in the Lanzhou birds'community increased slightly,Fish-eating birds and miniature vertebrate-eating birds decreased firstly,and then increased,but the insect-eating birds have a contrary tendency.Analysis result of ecotype of birds showed that the proportion of land-bird is on the rise,songbirds and wading birds increased firstly and then decreased,waterfowl climbing-bird and raptor decreased firstly and then increased.Result of floristic analysis showed that percentage of Pala arctic realm species and Oriental realm species has been decreasing,but Cosmopolitan species has been decreasing.3.The impact of urbanization on bird diversity on space dimension in LanzhouIn this study we choose five typical urban landscapes:the wetland habitat,mountain habitats,the neighborhood habitat,traffic green zone and industrial zone,we compared bird communities of each landscape on urbanization gradient by fuzzy evaluation;finally we sort bird diversity of five different region.Results showed that bird communities is significantly different in different urbanization gradient,bird of wetland habitats with the highest diversity,followed by mountainous habitat>neighborhood habitat>traffic green belt>industrial zone habitat.4.Bird conservation proposalsCombine the survey conclusion of Lanzhou bird communities as well as the bird community diversity changes in urbanization and the characteristics of Lanzhou city,we give seven recommendations about urban wildlife,especially harmonious coexistence of birds and humans.