Research And Improvement On Routing Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Energy Consumption Balance

A wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of low-power sensor nodes through self-organizing way forming a multi-hop wireless sensor network.The network can be used to monitor the surrounding natural environment,have been widely applied in industry,agriculture,military,medical and other fields.However due to the limited energy of sensor nodes,the survival time of sensor networks are constrained.So how to reduce and balance the energy consumption of the network in order to improve network lifetime efficiently is an important problem faced in the design of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks.This paper puts the problem of energy-consuming balance as the main research content and routing protocol for wireless sensor networks as the research object,which involves two aspects,that is,plane and cluster-based routing protocol.As to the energy-consuming imbalance problem of plane routing protocol for small-scale wireless sensor networks,this paper proposes an energy-consuming balanced link routing protocol,which is based on a cost function.The protocol firstly sets up a routing table for each node through the radio signal between nodes and then selects the next hop of the most suitable one from the routing table in order to transfer to the next node according to the improved transmission cost function.The MATLAB experiment results show that this protocol compared with the ACO routing protocol can balance the network load better,so as to prolong the survival time of the network.As to the problem that cluster-based routing protocol applied to large-scale wireless sensor network are prone to premature death of cluster head which results in energy hole,this paper,based on non uniform clustering,proposes an energy-consuming balanced cluster-based routing protocol(ECFP protocol)based on virtual force.Using the shortest hops between nodes and Sink nodes,the protocol firstly sets up cluster head competition radius according to which nodes with higher residual energy and better link quality are chosen as the cluster heads,then enters into the cluster through virtual force model and at last transmits information to Sink nodes through the calculation of the cost function between cluster heads.The simulation tests show,compared with the shortest path routing protocol and Ant-LEACH protocol,ECFP protocol can effectively utilize energy in the process of data transmission,reduce and balance the network energy consumption,and improve the network lifetime.